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SG24-51 44-00 Internatio na l T echnical Support Organization http://www.redbooks.ibm.com RS/6000 4 3P 7043 Models 150 and 260 Handbook Volker Haug , Adnan Ikra m, Heather Os bourne.
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RS/6000 43P 70 43 Models 150 and 260 Handbook October 1998 SG24-5144-00 International T echnical Support Organizatio n.
© Copyright International Busine ss Mac hines Corpora tion 1998. All rights reser ved Note to U.S Gov ernmen t Users – Do cum entation r elated to r estric ted righ ts – Us e, duplic ation or disclosu re is subject to re stricti ons set forth in GSA ADP Sc hedule Contra ct with IBM Corp .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 iii Contents Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix Ta b l e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
iv RS/6000 43 P 704 3 Models 1 50 and 260 H andbook 2.3.4 The 6XX-MX I/O Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 2.3.5 The X-Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.4 The Processor Subsystem .
v 4.7 Internal SSA devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3 4.8 PCI Storage Adapter s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 4.8.1 SCSI Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vi RS/6000 43P 7 04 3 Mode ls 1 50 and 260 H an dbook 6.5.2 Typical Boot Sequence for RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 . . . . 167 6.5.3 Typical Boot Sequence for RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260 . . . . 168 6.6 Power-On Self-Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vii 7.7.2 Updating Firmware f rom the SMS Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 7.7.3 Updating Firmware f rom the Service Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 7.7.4 Updating Firmw are from AIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
viii RS/60 00 43P 7043 M odels 150 and 260 Ha ndbook How to G et ITSO Redb ooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 How IBM Em ployees Can Get ITSO Red books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 How Custome rs Can Get ITSO Redbooks .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 ix Figures 1. RS/6000 P CI Workstation /Server Famil y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2. RS/6000 43 P 7043 Mod el 150 (without Peripherals ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3. RS/6000 43 P 7043 Mod el 260 (without Peripherals ) .
x RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Models 150 and 260 Han db ook 41. RS/6000 43 P 7043 Mod el 140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 xi Ta b l e s 1. SPEC and LINPACK P erformance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. Multiuser Pe rformance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.
xii R S/6000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 41. RS/6000 43 P 7043 Mod el 140 St andard Con figuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 3 42. RS/6000 43 P 7043 Mod el 140 Sy stem Expan sion .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 xiii Pref ace In an ef fort to provide customers with suitable products and solutions to help their business grow , IBM announced in October of 1998 two new additions to its RS/6000 workstation family . They are the RS/6000 43P 7043 Models 150 and 260.
xiv R S/6000 43P 70 43 Mo dels 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k worked with UNIX systems for ten years. His areas of expertise include RS/6000 workstations and workgroup servers, graphics, and AIX systems management. Adnan Ikram is a Product Specialist (AIX, RS/6000, Networking) in Karachi, Pakistan.
xv Nguyen , Thoi IBM Austin Patel, Raj IBM Austin Peterson, Earl IBM Austin Randall, Dave IBM Austin Thur ber , St eve IBM Austin W alton, Scott IBM Austin Comment s We lcome Y our comments are important to us! We want our redbooks to be as helpful as possible.
xvi R S/6000 43P 70 43 Mo dels 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 1 Chapter 1. RS/6000 Introduction Throughout 1997 IBM greatly simplified its RS/6000 product line by eliminating redundant of ferings and introducing new models that cover a broad range of price and per formance.
2 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Models 150 and 260 Han db ook • Figure 1. RS/6 000 PCI W orkstati on/Server Fami ly The RS/6000 naming convention is patterned similarly to many of IBM’s product lines. A product is represented as a four digit machine c ode followed by a model number .
RS/6000 Introduction 3 The following sections provide an overview of the models that ar e the subject of this publication. 1.2 RS /6000 43 P 7043 Mo del 14 0 Overv iew The main purpose of summarizing the IBM RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 in this publication is to provide you with some background of this system.
4 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Models 150 and 260 Han db ook Figure 2. RS/6 000 43P 7 043 Model 150 (without Perip herals) The Model 150 supports a variety of 2D and 3D graphics adapters including the advanced 3D GXT3000P graphics adapter , providing ex cellent graphics price performance.
RS/6000 Introduction 5 • UItra SCSI and SSA storage options for improved data transfer performance and high availability . • Exceptional AIX operating sys tem with reliability , availabili ty , and system-management features.
6 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Models 150 and 260 Han db ook • System expansion: • RAM: Up to 1 GB • Internal storage: 27.3 GB max • External disk storage: • Maximum external SCSI with expansion units: Up to 254.8 GB • Maximum external SSA with expansion units: Up to 873.
RS/6000 Introduction 7 Figure 3. RS/6 000 43P 7 043 Model 260 (without Perip herals) The Model 260 supports a variety of 2D and 3D graphics adapters including the advanced 3D GXT3000P graphics adapter , offering excellent graphics price and performance.
8 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Models 150 and 260 Han db ook • Outstanding reliability with ECC SDRAM memory and ECC Level 2 (L2) cache, plus a standard service processor . • UItra SCSI and SSA storage options for improved data transfer performance and high availability .
RS/6000 Introduction 9 • System expansion: • RAM: Up to 4 GB • Internal storage: 27.3 GB max • External disk stor age: • Maximum external SCSI with expansion units: Up to 254.8 GB • Maximum external SSA with expansion units: Up to 873.6 GB • System dimensions: • 24.
10 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k SPEC http://w ww.spe cbench.org Linpack http: //www.net lib.no/net lib/ben chmark/pe rformance. ps Unless otherwise indicated for a system, the performance benchmarks were conducted using AIX V ersion 4.
RS/6000 Introduction 11 SPEC95 introduces a new reference platform against which other systems are measured, changing from the out- dated V AX 1 1/780 to a SP ARCstation 10/40 with 64 MB memory but without Level 2 cache.
12 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k SPECfp95 SPEC component-level benchmark that measures floating point performance. Result is the geometric mean of ten tests that comprise the CF P95 benchmark suite. All of these are written in FOR TRAN.
RS/6000 Introduction 13 Although ROL TP may be used to compare estimated RS/6000 commercial processing performance, actual system performance may var y and is dependent upon many factors including system hardware configuration, and software design and configuration.
14 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k techniques will continue to bring significant enhancements to the PowerPC. • The POWER3 architecture provides a significant impact to the market .
RS/6000 Introduction 15 1.6. 4 IEEE 1394 IEEE 1394 is a transport protocol standard for a high performance serial bus (also known as FireWire) that is a bus technology for the digital age. More than 50 companies are supporting this standard. FireWire was originally developed by Apple Computer .
16 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k capabilities of IP-based intranet or Internet network environments on RS/6000 and AIX systems. This full-function AIX videoconferencing application.
RS/6000 Introduction 17 Workgroup was designed to interoperate with AIX, other UN IX, and Windows H.323-based conferencing systems including other desktop videoconferencing systems such as Microsoft NetMeeting V ers ion 2.1, H.323/PSTN Gateways and Gatekeepers.
18 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k T eleconferencing Consortium, Inc. (IMTC), a non profit corporation composed of more than 150 members and af filiates from North America, Europe, and Asia/Pacific.
RS/6000 Introduction 19 Further information can be found on IBM’ s Y ear 2000 webpage at: http://w ww.ibm .com/year2 000 . Figure 6. RS/6 000 Model s 150 and 260 a re Y ear 2000 Re ady.
20 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 21 Chapter 2. Hardwa re Overview This chapter introduces the standards and architectures that ar e shared between the R S/6000 43P Series systems.
22 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k architected interfaces and therefore have the opportunity for adding unique value. This flexibility is achieved through architecture facilities including: • Device dr ivers • Open Firmware (OF) • Run-T ime Abstraction Services (RT AS) • Hardware abstraction layers 2.
Hardware Overview 23 • In a high performance platform, with multiple processors and multiple memories, a switch may be employed to allow multiple parallel accesses by the processors to memory . The path through the switches would be decided by the addressing of memory .
24 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 2.1.3 RS /6000 Platform Architec ture Achiev ements The RS/6000 Platform Architecture specification achieves the following: • Creates a stable pl.
Hardware Overview 25 approaches to the abstraction of hardware will reduce the burden on hardware developers who produce dif fer entiated machines. • Architects a mechanism for error handling, error reporting, and fault isolation. The architecture provides for the implementation of more r obust systems if desired by the system developers.
26 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 1 See the published CHRP document for the original value of this row for platforms that need to support Apple Mac OS. 2.2 The Hardwa re Design The designs of the Model 150 and the Model 260 dif fer slightly and will therefore be addressed in separate sections.
Hardware Overview 27 parity-checked synchronous L2 cache. The Model 150 also features an enhanced memory controller that uses ECC SDRAM memory . The local system bus on the RS/6000 Model 150 is a 60X bus running at 83 MHz. This bus is 64 bits wide (with an additional 8 bits for parity) and is synchronous.
28 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k system interface of a 64-bit data bus and a 32-bit address bus. This highly integrated chip acts as both a PCI bridge and a memory controller . It contains the system bus arbitration, provides support for full memory coherency , and pipelining of processor accesses.
Hardware Overview 29 2.2. 2 Hard ware De sign for the RS /6000 43P 70 43 Mode l 260 Figure 9 on page 30 shows the system block diagram for the Model 260. This workstation is a 1- or 2-way symmetric multiprocessing system using the 64-bit 200 MHz POWER3 processor .
30 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k Figure 9. RS/6 000 High Level Sy stem B lock Dia gram (Mod el 260 ) The memory controller chip can act as the system interrupt controller , or can pass interrupts through to an external device.
Hardware Overview 31 are supported, namely the RISC System/6000, or t he industry standard OpenPIC. Special attention was given to providing support for the memor y controller unit in the Model 260: • Benchmark traces were used to fine-tune the buf fer structure and queue depths.
32 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 2.3 Bu s Ar chite ctur e The following sections cover the dif ferent bus architectures that exist on the RS/6000 43P 7043 Models 150 and 260.
Hardware Overview 33 2.3.1. 2 PCI Fe atures an d Benef its The PCI bus architecture has many advantages including the following: • High data transfer speed • Processor independence • Cross-platform compatibil ity • Multi-bus support • Plug and Play • Investment protection 2.
34 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 2.3.3 T he 60X an d 6XX B us The 60X bus was designed to provide a common in terface that supplies communication between processors, memory controllers, and high-speed I/O devices. Arbitration on the bus is performed by a central, off-chip arbitrator .
Hardware Overview 35 2.3. 5 The X- Bus The X-Bus is an 8-bit ISA subset bus used to attach several common subsystems to the PCI-based RS/6000 servers. The f ollowing components are attached to this bu.
36 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k clock frequency of 160 MHz, POWER3 is targeting up to 600 MHz by exploiting more advanced chip manufacturing processes, such as copper technology . The first PO WER3 based system, RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260, runs at 200 MHz.
Hardware Overview 37 The two additional execution units give POWER3 a peak instruction rate of eight instructions per cycle (two floating-point, two load/store, t wo single-cycle integer , a multi-cycle integer , and a branch instruction).
38 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k Figure 1 1. PowerPC 604e Micropro cessor Logical Bloc k Diagram A 604e is defined by the following specifications: • PowerPC 604e microprocessor .
Hardware Overview 39 • 32 KB four-way set-associative instr uction cache • 32 KB four-way set-associative data cache • 64-bit memory interface with 32-bit addressing • Virtual memory support for up to 4 petabytes (2 52 ) • Real memory support for up to 4 gigabytes • ˜5.
40 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k The main memory is the third level of memory . Its access time is slow in comparison to L1 and L2, but much faster than disks. T wenty to fifty CPU clock cycles are needed to load data from the memory , and the capacity can reach several gigabytes.
Hardware Overview 41 2.5.1. 2 Set As sociati vity Set associativity is a mechanism that allows for more efficient sharing o f the L1 data cache among multiple programs running simultaneously . One of the main differ ences between the POWER3 and the POWER2 (also PowerPC) architectures is the way set associativity is implemented.
42 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k Figure 14. The 128-W ay Set Assoc iative POWER3 L 1 Data Ca che Each cell represents a cache line; each column is called a congruence c lass. Figure 13 on page 41 contains 128 congruence classes. There are four rows in the cache area of the figur e.
Hardware Overview 43 cache lines (since any particular line from memory may onl y be loaded into a cache line in the same congruence class). This effect happens with strides that are a multiple of a pow er of two. The POWER3 cache, with its much greater degree of set associativity , is much less susceptible to this problem than the POWER2 cache.
44 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k into a previously unreferenced line, the complete line must be f etched from memory first before the new value can be stor ed into it. If a cache line is overwritten by newly accessed data, then , if the data from the old line is needed again, it must be reloaded and anot her cache miss taken.
Hardware Overview 45 Assume that processor 1 loads into its cache memory address 0x0123, which happens to contain the character A. Then pr ocessor 2 writes B into address 0x0123.
46 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k M (mod ifie d) The addressed sector is valid i n this cache only . The value in this sector has been changed in the cache, but the change is not yet reflected in memory . E (exclusive) The addressed sector is valid in this cache only .
Hardware Overview 47 Thus, false sharing increases cache misses and bus traffic, and this may cause the SMP throughput to be reduced. The bigger the size of the cache line, the higher the miss rate.
48 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 49 Chapter 3. Detai led Product Descriptions This chapter takes an in-depth look at the hardware packaging and feat ures that comprise the IBM RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 and Model 260 workstations.
50 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k The RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 is designed t o allow for system growth in memory , disk, and media devices as the customer ’ s needs grow .
Detailed Product Descriptions 51 . Figure 19. RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 - System Boa rd Location s.
52 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k T able 5 . RS/ 6000 43P 7043 Model 150 - System Board Co mponent s Locati on 3.1.1.3 Memory Subsystem The Model 150 comes standard with a 128 MB of ECC SDRAM memory . It supports four industry standard DIMM sockets and can support up to 1 G B of system memory .
Detailed Product Descriptions 53 3.1 .1.4 Ba ys The system contains five bays, three of which accommodate the following standard devices: • 3.5-inch diskette drive bay It accommodates the standard 1.
54 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k For more detailed technical information about the CD-ROM drive, refer to T able 30 on page 122. 3.1.1. 6 Stand ard I/O P orts The system provides the following standard I/O ports: Keyboa rd por t The optional Quiet T ouch Keyboard may plug into this port.
Detailed Product Descriptions 55 3.1.1. 8 Integr ated Et hernet A dapter An integrated 10/100 Mbps Ethernet AUI/RJ45 port (10Base5/100BaseT) is part of the base system. 3.1.1. 9 Integr ated Ultr a SCSI Co ntroll er The Model 150 has an integrated Ultra SCSI controller , which is operated at a speed of 40 MB/s.
56 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.1.2 Re liability , Availability , an d Servicea bility (RAS ) Following are the featu res that provide the IBM R S/6000 Model 150 reliability , availability , and serviceability .
Detailed Product Descriptions 57 enables IBM service representatives to bring along needed replacement hardware components during a service, thus minimize system repair time. 3.1.2.3 Environment Monitoring Functions Following is a list of the pr ovided environment monitoring functions.
58 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k Concurrent Mode allows the normal system functions to continue while selected resources are being checked. Maintenance Mode allows checking of most system resources. The System Management Service (SMS) error log is accessible from the SMS menu for tests performed through SMS progr ams.
Detailed Product Descriptions 59 memory DIMMs (64 MB, 128 MB, and 256 MB). The available memory specifications are shown in T able 7. T able 7 . Opt ional M emory for Model 1 50 3.1. 3.2 Internal D isk D rives Three internal Ultra SCSI disks drives can be accommodated in the internal bays of the system.
60 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k The present Pearl White Quiet T ouch Keyboards will also continue to be available with black systems giving users maximum flexibil ity in choosing their desktop color scheme. There is Euro currency symbol support on appropriate national language versions.
Detailed Product Descriptions 61 • 6094-040 Spaceball • 6094-600 Magellan Enhanced Input Device 3.1.3. 9 Monito rs The IBM P72, P92, and P202 color monitors a re the premium graphics monitors for RS/6000 work stations.
62 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.1. 3.12 PCI Sto rage Ad apters The following PCI SCSI adapters are supported in the Model 150 • PCI Single-Ended Ultra SCSI Adapter • PCI Dif.
Detailed Product Descriptions 63 • 2-Port Multiprotocol PCI Adapter (# 2962) • Eicon ISDN DIV A PRO 2.0 PCI S/T Adapter (# 2708) 3.1.3.14 Supported Devices The following is a list of the external subsystems that are of ficially supported by the RS/6000 Model 150.
64 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k External SCSI Devices • 3995-C60 Optical Li brary Dataserver (1 Dr ive) • 3995-C62 Optical Li brary Dataserver (2 Dr ives) • 3995-C64 Optical.
Detailed Product Descriptions 65 • 3590-B1 1 High Performance T ape Subsystem • 3590-B1A High Performance T ape Subsystem • 3590-C12 Silo Compatible T ape Subsystem • 7205-31 1 DL T T ape Driv.
66 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.1.4 RS /6000 43P 704 3 Model 150 A dapter Pl acement Guidelines This machine is designed for customers to install adapters.Use the following table to identify specific slot location options for the following adapter s in your 7043 Model 150 system.
Detailed Product Descriptions 67 1 If both the POWER GXT120P and the POWER GXT255P are installed, th e POWER GXT255P must be installed in slot 2 or 3. 2 If two SysKonnect SK-NET FDDI PCI adapters are installed, they cannot be installed in slots next to each other .
68 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2 RS/6 000 43P 70 43 Model 260 Product Desc ription The IBM RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260 is a new addition t o the RS/6000 workstation and workgroup serve r family .
Detailed Product Descriptions 69 performance, position the Model 260 as a single-seat MCAD design and analysis solution. In addition, the Model 260’ s SMP capability and robus t set of disk drive and communications features make it an excellent entry technical and commercial server .
70 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k The processor subsystem is implemented on pluggable cards. T w o processor card slots are available. If two processor cards are installed in the system, they must both be the same type or the system will not power on.
Detailed Product Descriptions 71 Figure 23. RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260 - System Pl anar & I/O Board T able 1 0. R S/6000 43P 7043 Mode l 260 - Syste m Planar & I/ O Board Co mponents Loc ation.
72 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2. 2.3 Memo ry Subs ystem The base configuration comes with 256 MB Error Checking and Correct ing (ECC) SDRAM (2 x 128 MB DIMMs). The Model 260 has an enhanced memory controller running at 100 MHz memory bus speed.
Detailed Product Descriptions 73 3.2. 2.4 Operato r Pane l The operator panel on the front of the Model 260 contains a power-on switch (on/of f), a reset button, a pow er-on light, a hard disk drive in use light, and an LCD display for function and diagnostic feedback.
74 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2 .2.5 Ba ys Five bays are available for the system, as shown in Figure 25. One is reserved for the diskette drive (bay 1) and one for the internal C D-ROM drive (bay 2). The Model 260 comes with a standard Ultra-SCSI 16-bit Disk Drive installed in bay 4.
Detailed Product Descriptions 75 Figure 25. RS/6000 4 3P 7043 Mo del 260 - Fro nt V iew 3.2.2.6 In ternal CD-R OM Drive The 32X SCSI-2 Internal CD-ROM Drive is a tray-loading CD-ROM drive providing up to 4800 KB/s maximum media data transfer rate. It is a 5.
76 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2.2.7 Rear Bulk head Connections and Components T able 13 lists the connections and components found on t he rear bulkhead as shown in Figure 26. T able 1 3. R S/6000 43P 7043 Mode l 260 - Rear View C omponent s 3.
Detailed Product Descriptions 77 Figure 26. RS/6000 4 3P 7043 Mo del 260 - Rear Vi ew 3.2. 2.10 Integr ated Ethern et Adapter An integrated 10/100 Mbps Ethernet AUI/RJ45 port (10Base5/100BaseT) is part of the base system.
78 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2.2. 1 1 Integr ated Ultr a SCSI Co ntroll er The Model 260 has two integrated Ultra SCSI controllers. One for inter nal and one for external connections. Both are operated at a speed of 40 MB/s. 3.
Detailed Product Descriptions 79 3.2.3 Re liability , Availability , an d Servicea bility (RAS ) The RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260 integrates key reliability , availability , and serviceability attributes that are described in the following sections. 3.2.
80 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 3.2.3.3 Fault Monitoring Functions Built-in Self-T est (BIST) and Power-on Self-T est (POST ) checks processor , L2 cache, memory and associated hardware, that are required for proper booting of the operating system every time the system is powered on.
Detailed Product Descriptions 81 • AC power loss sensing to provide an orderly system shutdown 3.2.3.6 Error Handling and Reporting In the unlikely event of system hardware or environmentally induced failure, the system Run-T ime Error Capture capability systematically analyzes the hardware error signature to determine the cause of failure.
82 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k mode (service mode), run in maintenance mode, or run concurrently (concurrent mode) with other applications. T hey have access to the AIX Er ror Log and the AIX Configuration Dat a. Service Mode allows checking of system devices and features.
Detailed Product Descriptions 83 Configuration” on page 127 and storage subsystems are described in Chapter 4, “Storage Architectures and Device s” on page 97. 3.2.4.1 Additional Processo r T wo processor card slots are available on the system board.
84 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k Figure 27. Slot Con figurati on on Memory Ca rd 3.2. 4.3 Internal D isk D rives The system comes with a standard 4.5 GB Enhanced Ultra SCSI Disk. There is also a 9.1 GB Enhanced Ultra SCSI Disk available.
Detailed Product Descriptions 85 • 12/24 GB 4 mm Internal T ape Drive (# 6159) The 12/24 GB 4 mm Internal T ape Drive is a 5.25 inch, half- high, single-ended 8-bit tape drive, which provides a high capacity for save/restore and achieve functions.
86 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k 1. Mechanical Computer-Aided Design (MCAD) and engineering for aerospace and automotive 2. Petroleum exploration and production 3. Scientific visualization 4. Other technical industries Refer to 3.2.
Detailed Product Descriptions 87 All monitors include the following features: • Video Electronics Standards A ssociation ( VESA ) Display Data Channel (DDC) capability for Plug and Play and asset tr.
88 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k The microphone is suitable for a wide range of applications, but is especially suited for speech recognition applications including dictation and navigation in an office environment.
Detailed Product Descriptions 89 3.2.4.1 4 Communica tions Adapt ers The following communication adapters are of ficially supported: • IBM PCI T oken-Ring Adapter (# 2920) • PCI Ethernet adapters .
90 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k • 7133-010 SSA Disk Subsystem (Rack- Mounted) • 7133-020 SSA Disk Subsystem (Rack- Mounted) • 7133-500 SSA Disk Subsystem • 7133-600 SSA Disk Subsystem • 7137-412 Disk Array Subsys tem (1.
Detailed Product Descriptions 91 • 7210-005 CD-ROM Drive • 7210-010 CD-ROM Drive (Quad speed) • 7210-015 CD-ROM Drive (8x speed) T ape Subsystems • 3490-F00 IBM Magnetic T ape Subsys tem • 3.
92 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k • 7207-122 4 GB External SLR5 QIC T ape Drive • 7207-315 13 GB 1/4" T ape Drive • 7208-01 1 5 GB 8 mm T ape Drive • 7208-341 20 GB Ext.
Detailed Product Descriptions 93 When determining a slot in which to place a new adapter , you should start from the top of the table. T he list of slot numbers represent the order in which the slots should be used. T able 1 7. R S/6000 43P 7043 Mode l 260 - Adapt er Placem ent Gu idelines Adapter Featur e Code Slot U sage max.
94 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k For more information on the adapter refer to Chapter 5, “Adapter s, Overview and Configuration” on page 127 or see PCI Adapte r Place ment Referen ce , SA38-0538. 3.2.6 Se rvice Packa ge This kit (# 3752) contains service publications, wrap plugs, and a diagnostic CD-ROM.
Detailed Product Descriptions 95 3.3 IBM Multimed ia Kit for RS /6000 The IBM Multimedia Kit for RS/6000 (# 8679) consists of a video camera, speakers, and connecting cables, as shown in Figure 28.
96 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k • NTSC format • High-power output speaker sys tem includes two premium Infinity(R) sound quality speakers specially designed to fit and match IBM equipment.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 97 Chapter 4. Storage A rchitectures and Devices In this chapter , the internal storage features of the Models 150 and 260 are described. Storage standards, SCSI, and SSA are covered. The dif fer ent technologies are discussed, and additional information is provided in the cabling sections.
98 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M odels 150 an d 260 Ha ndboo k It is sometimes referred to as SCSI-I t o differentiate it fr om the generic term SCSI. SCSI-I was the first of all SCSI technologies to come about and was the fastest controller interface at the time.
Storage Architectures and Devices 99 Then, when the seek is complete and d ata is ready to be transferred, the device can arbitrate for the bus and then reconnect with the controller to transfer the data. If the device is very ef ficient, it will even begin reading t he data and place it into a buff er before it reconnects.
100 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Currently , SCSI-III has a transfer rate of 40 MB/s and includes Fast-20 Narrow and Fast-20 Wide.
Storage Architectures and Devices 101 T able 1 8. Ov erview o f SCSI-I II Stand ards For clarity , the SCSI-III interconnects are discussed. There are four SCSI-II I interconnect technologies: • SCS.
102 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book These three serial SCSI interface s have two major differences over their parallel sibling: • The cable has onl y six wir es • The connectors are simplified into six pins These new physical properties translate into lower costs for users and manufacturers.
Storage Architectures and Devices 103 market. With a 16-bit path, the data rate is double that of an 8-bit device for the same clock speed. Fast/Wid e Fast/Wide refers to a 16-bit d ata path running at 10 MHz producing a maximum data transfer rate (or burst rate) of 20 MB/s.
104 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 4.2.4. 3 SCSI Different ial Normally , there is one wire in a SCSI cable for each signal. However , over long distances and with high clocking rates, the signals can degrade and errors can occur .
Storage Architectures and Devices 105 4.2.6 Su mmary of SCSI Sp ecifications SCSI defines many differ ent modes of operation, including several different data transfer modes. The most common are shown in T able 19. T able 1 9. D ifferent ial SCSI Modes 4.
106 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book The following describes the SCSI cabling of the two PCI SCSI adapter s supported by the Model 150 and 260 entry workstation and workgroup servers: • PCI Single-Ended Ultra SCSI Adapter (# 6206) • PCI Differential Ultra SCSI Adapter (# 6207) 4.
Storage Architectures and Devices 107 Devices that have two SCSI connectors have inter nal cabling that must be included when calculating the total cable length. When attaching these devices to a SCSI chain, connect one cable to one connector and the other cable to the other connector .
108 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 4.3.1.4 SCS I Device Add resses The Ultra SCSI adapters support a maximum of 16 SCSI addresses, including devices and adapters. The default address for an adapter is 7, but it can easily be changed if necessary .
Storage Architectures and Devices 109 4.3. 1.5 SCSI Bus Widt h Operation of both 8-bit and 16-bit devices on the same external SCSI bus is not supported due to the t ermination and cabling restrictions.
11 0 RS/6000 43P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handb ook • No external attachments are allowed • External Ultra devices running at Ultra speeds: • No internal attachments allowed. • Up to four external Ultra wide (16-bit) devices can be attached to the external port.
Storage Architectur es and Devices 111 Adapter-to-First Device Cables T able 20 on page 1 1 1 describes the cables for the Single-Ended Ultra SCSI Adapter for connection to the first device.
11 2 RS/6000 43P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handb ook Device-to-Device Cables T able 21 describes the device-to-devic e cables for single-ended applications. T able 2 1. D evice-to -Device Cables fo r Single-Ended Inst allatio ns Note: Most feat ure codes for cables are only orderable against the attachment device (7204, 7206, 7208, and so on.
Storage Architectures and D evices 11 3 used to attach an external SCSI d evice to a SCSI adapter car d in an RS/6000 system. T able 2 2. 1 6-Bit SC SI-II Sy stem-T o-System Cable T erminators for Use with These Adapters T able 23 describes the terminators for single-ended installations.
11 4 RS/6000 43P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handb ook Adapter-to-First Device Cables T able 24 provides a list of adapter to first device cables. T able 2 4. D ifferent ial-Ende d Ultra SCSI Adapter -to-Fir st Devi ce Cabl es Note: When cables are ordered by featur e code, the appropriate t erminator in included with the order .
Storage Architectures and D evices 11 5 Note: Most feat ure codes for cables are only orderable against the attachment device (7204, 7206, 7208). For some cables, the feature codes have been made available on the system units. In these cases the system feature code is listed otherwise the attachment device feature code is used.
11 6 RS/6000 43P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handb ook Y - cable to the adapters 68-pin external connector . The remaining two legs of the Y -cable are used to attach other systems and devices to the SCSI bus.
Storage Architectures and D evices 11 7 Figure 33. Differe ntial Ex ternal Wide Bus T able 27 provides a list of available cables for differential adapters. T able 2 7. C abling f or the P CI Di fferenti al Ultr a SCSI A dapter Item Number Part Number Length (Meters) Descriptio n 1 06H60 37 1.
11 8 RS/6000 43P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handb ook 4.4 Se rial S t or age Arc hitect ure Ov ervie w Serial Storage Architecture (SSA) is a high-speed serial interface that IBM originally developed as a proprietary interface. The interface was standardized in 1994 under the control of the ANSI X3T10.
Storage Architectures and D evices 11 9 4.5 Comp arison between S CSI and S SA Architec ture T able 28 on page 120 lists the common features found in SCSI and SSA devices for comparison and Figure 34 shows how the subsystems differ .
120 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book T able 28. Compa ring SSA and SCSI 4.6 Intern al SCSI Devic es The following section gives an overview of the inte rnal SCSI devices for the Models 150 and 260, and their main characteristics: • Disk dr ives • CD-ROM drives • T ape drives 4.
Storage Architectures and Devices 121 4.6.1. 1 4.5 GB Ultra SC SI 16-Bit Disk D rive (# 290 0) The 4.5 GB Ultra SCSI 16-bit disk drive is a high performance disk drive that provides 4.5 GB capacity that supports the Ultr a SCSI interface speed of 40 MB/s.
122 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book performance and supports existing 600 MB CD- ROM discs. It will operate in either the verticle or horizontal positions.
Storage Architectures and Devices 123 T able 32. Int ernal T ape Drives for Mod el 260 4.7 Intern al SSA device s There are no internal SSA storage devices available for the Model 150 and 260. However , you can attach external SSA devices through the PCI SSA Multi-Initiator/RAID EL adapter (# 6215) .
124 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 4.8 PCI St orage Ada pters IBM RS/6000 43P Models 150 and 260 support the f ollowing PCI-based storage SCSI and SSA adapters: • PCI Single-End.
Storage Architectures and Devices 125 4.8.2.1 PCI SSA Multi-Init iator/RAID EL Adapter The PCI SSA Multi-Initiator/RAID EL Adapter (# 6215) can be configured as either a two-initiator non-RAID, or one-initiator R AID adapter .
126 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • The SSA head device drivers, which deal with devices that are attached to the SSA adapter .
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 127 Chapter 5. Adapters, Overv iew and Configuration This chapter introduces the major communication and graphi cs adapters that are used with the RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 and Model 260. Following the introduction, a discussion of PCI adapter configuration is given.
128 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Full duplex LAN operation • Supports system boot over token-ring 5.1.2 Eth e rnet Ad apters In this section, information on the available Ethernet adapters is provided.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 129 5.1.4 FD DI Adapters In this section, information on the available FDDI adapters is given. 5. 1. 4 . 1 PCI SysKonnect SK-NET FDDI-LP SAS (# 2741) This adapter provides single attachment to an F DDI concentrator (or point-to-point) using fiber optic cabling (not supplied with the adapter).
130 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Support under AIX SMIT and diagnostic routines • Supports remote IPL and NIM with the appropriate system f irmware • Connects to fiber FDDI concentrator ports using fiber optic cable with an FDDI SC (low cost fiber) connection 5.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 131 • SMT 7.3 compl iance • AMD SUPERNET3 single chip FDDI design • SysKonnect-designed custom ASIC for buffer management with minimal CPU and bus load • F.
132 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book devices located on an A TM network or bridged to a token ring, Ethernet, or other LAN. The TURBOW A YS 155 PCI MMF A TM Adapter is compatible wi.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 133 • IBM 8281 A T M LAN Bridge 5.1.6 Multiple Port Adapters In this section, information on the available multi-port asynchronous adapters is provided.
134 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • V .35 • V .36 5.1. 7.2 PCI I BM ARTI C960 HX 4-Por t Sele ctable Ad apter (# 2947) The IBM ARTIC960H X 4-Port Selectable PCI Adapter is a one slot, standard length, 32-bit PCI card. The adapter provides four ports, supporting EIA-232, EIA530, RS-449, X.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 135 5.2 Grap hics Adap ters In this section, the available graphics adapters are discussed, and a table summarizing their features follows. IBM offer s a broad range of versatile graphics accelerators to meet your customer’ s application needs, from entry 2D design and drafting to complex 3D solid modeling.
136 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book The GXT120P is also ideal for process control, where, in selected configurations, up to four monitors can be oper ated concurrently from the same RS/6000 system for displaying graphics and text for dozens of process points.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 137 MCAD, GIS and ECAD. The GXT255P has 8-bit, 16-bit and 24-bit true color depth and allows simultaneous display of the entire palett e of approximately 16.7 million colors. The GXT255P features three hardware color maps for multi-window graphics without technicolor ef fects.
138 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book hidden surface removal, depth-cueing, and transparency . This enables your 3D applications to run more quickly and with good inter active performance. For OpenGL, texture maps up to 1024x1024, and a 64-bit accumulation buffer are also supported through software.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 139 such as Gouraud shading, antialiasing, depth buffer ing, fog and atmospheric effects, and blending. T his should enable your 3D applications to run more quickly and with good interactive performance.
140 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book The GXT3000P supports display resolutions of up to 1280x1024 at 85 Hz refresh rate, including monitors that comply with the ISO 9241 Part 3 ergonomic standard.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 141 Resol ution 640 x 480 800 x 600 1024 x76 8 1280 x1024 1024 x 768 1280 x 1024 1024 x 768 1280 x 1024 1024 x 768 1280 x 10 24 1280 x 1024 Fram e buffer 8 -bit si.
142 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 1 The Model 150 can accommodate up to four POWER GXT120P adapters, while the maximum on the Model 260 is two. 2 The GXT3000P adapter is attaches to one 64-bit slot in the RS/6000 Models 150 and 260, but covers the slot adjacent to it (uses two slots of space).
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 143 1 Captured 15-pin D-shell cable. 2 Display - The appropriate cable is included with the display . 3 NS = Not Supported - The display/adapter combination is not supported. 4 Dual input 15-pin D-shell and 13W3 soft switchable via screen menu; ships with 15-pin D-shell.
144 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book **** *** Pl ease defin e the Syst em Console ******* Type the F 2 key and press Ente r to use t his display as t he syst em con sole. This process sets the default system console for the current session and for subsequent reboots.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 145 out, the CDE login window will appear on the n ew dis play . This will also change the default display for subsequent reboots. 5.2.8 Ac cessing the Se cond Display If you have the CDE desktop installed and have another screen at tached to the second adapter , you can access the adapter immediately .
146 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book where this can be very useful. In situations wher e some data or application must be permanently visible, this setup can be used. This option provides more screen area and will allow you to have more windows visible without obscuring the desktop.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 147 The predefined database contains configuration data for all possible devices configurable for the system. The customized database contains c onfiguration data for all currently defined devices in the system.
148 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 04 for r esources attached to PCI buses, such as ISA bus, SCSI controller , CD-ROM drive, hard disks, and graphics adapter . • For SSA, these values are always zero. CD identifies a slot or adapter number .
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 149 Figure 35. Devices Location Codes name status locat ion d escription sys0 Availabl e 00-00 S ystem Obje ct sysplanar0 Availabl e 00-00 S ystem Plan ar pci0 Ava.
150 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 5.3.1.3 Configuration Information Information about the PCI adapters can be obtained by running the lscfg command.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 151 The easiest way to configure non-graphic PCI adapters (such as LAN adapters, and so on) installed after IPL is to proceed using SMIT , enter: smit devic es -&g.
152 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 5.4 Su mmary Ch art of Adapt ers T able 37 summarizes the adapters (communication, graphics, and storage) available on the RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 and Model 260 systems.
Adapters, Overview and Configuration 153 POWER GXT2 55P # 2852 Y es Y es POWER GXT5 50P # 2845 Y es NO POWER GXT3 000P # 282 5 Y es Y es PCI Sing le-ended Ul tra SCSI # 6206 Y es Y es PCI Diff erentia.
154 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 155 Chapter 6. Diagnostics and System Management Services One of the most important features provided by the PCI -based RS/6000 workstations and servers is support of the AIX diagnostics programs.
156 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Selecting a Console Display When you run Stand-Alone Diagnostics, you will have to select the console display . The diagnostic program displays instructions on graphics displays and on terminals attached to the S1 serial port.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 157 diagnostics were using an IBM 3161 display terminal. The attr ibutes for the 3151, 3161 and 3164 are listed in the Diagnostics Information for Multiple Bus Systems, SA38-0509, Appendix D.
158 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book to indicate to the system that the default Boot Device Order List is to be used. 5. Enter any requested password, if set. (Power-On or Privileged-Access). 6. Follow the instructions to select the console.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 159 to the system using cfgmgr - i (or use SMIT -> Devices -> Install/Config ure Devices Added After IPL ), specifying an installation device, then diagnostics support for the device (if available) will be automatically installed.
160 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book terminal keyboard, to indicate to the system that th e customized Boot Device Order List is to be used. Normally , the first boot device in this list is your boot disk, which should also contain the bos.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 161 Error Log Analysis can be performed in Concurrent mode by selecting the Problem Determ ination option on the Diagnostic Routine Selection menu.
162 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book The following messages appears: Just press Enter to go back to the default runlevel. 6.4 Diag nostic T asks an d Service A ids The AIX diagnostic package contains programs that are called tasks. This section describes the tasks available in AIX diagnostics V ersion 4.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 163 • Configure Remote Maintenance Policy: This policy includes modem configurations and phone numbers to use for remote maintenance support.
164 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Display or Change Diagnostic Run T ime Options: The Display or Change Diagnostic Run T ime Options task allows the diagnostic run time options to be set.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 165 • Local Area Network Analyzer: This selection is used to exercise the LAN communications adapters, such as T oken-Ring, Ethernet, and Fiber Distributed Data Interfac e (FDDI).
166 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Update Disk Based Diagnostics : Use this service aid to apply fixes (AP ARs) on your system. • Update System or Service Process or Flash: This selection updates the system or servic e processor flash for CHRP/RP A system units.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 167 6.5.1.1 Identify and Configure System Compone nts The firmware must, by vari ous means, become aware of every component in the system and configure or reset those components into a kno wn state.
168 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book performs a simple test on them. The system firmware displays the device name or device icon being tested. After the keyboard name or icon appears, you can enter the Systems Management Services menu by hitting the 1 key (on a ASCII terminal) or the F1 key (on a graphics terminal).
Diagnostics and System Management Services 169 Service Processor Self-T est The service processor card performs a self test and NVRAM initialization. The LED Code range is E000 - E07F and the LED shows OK code when complete.
170 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Boot Image Execution Once a boot image is located on a device in the Boot List, the system firmware code hands of f control to the AIX Boot code. • LED Code E105 for Normal Boot or • E15B for Service Mode Boot.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 171 individual subsystems, one of the icons will be the memory icon. During the display of this icon, an 8-digit error code will be displayed if the L2 cache is not fully functional. The remainder of memory is also tested, and if a failure is detected, an 8- digit error code is posted.
172 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 6.6. 4 Keybo ard an d Mouse C ontroller POST The keyboard/mouse controller has a built-in Power-On Self T est, and the firmware checks the result. If a n error is detected, an 8-digit error code is displayed.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 173 T o start the programs: 1. T urn on or shut down and restart your computer . 2. When the first screen appears, press the F1 key to use the GUI. On an ASCII terminal, you can press either the number 1 ke y .
174 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 6.7.2 SM S Grap hical Main Men u The graphical System Management Services main menu of fers the following tasks, as shown in Figure 36: Config E.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 175 6.7.2.1 SMS Submenu Config Selecting this icon makes it possible for you to view information about the setup of your system unit.
176 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Figure 37. SMS Submenu Mult iboot 6.7.2. 3 SMS Submenu Utilities Selecting this icon enables you to perform various tasks and view additional information about your system unit, shown in F igure 38: Figure 38.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 177 1. Firm ware Pa ssw ords Y ou can li mit access to the system by using passwords. The passwords can be up to eight characters long and ar e stored in NVRAM.
178 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Unattended Start Mode T o use this mode, a power-on password must be previously specified. If unattended start mode is enabled, the system will boot from the defined boot device without requiring the you to enter the power-on password.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 179 2. Hard Disk Spin Up Delay Enables you to change the spin up delay for SCSI hard disk drives attached to your system. Spin up delay values can be entered manually , or else a default setting can be used. All values are measured in seconds.
180 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 6.7.3 SMS ASCII Main Menu The ASCII version of the System Management Services includes an additional function in the main menu not found in the gr aphical version.
Diagnostics and System Management Services 181 6.7. 4.1 How to Determ ine the Curre nt SMS Firmware V ersion The firmware version is displayed on the initial start-up screen on a graphical display and at the top of each System Management Services (SMS) menu on an ASCII T erminal display .
182 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book diskette into the drive of the system being used. If a makefw script is provided, execute it. Otherwise, type the following command: dd if=fi lename .
Diagnostics and System Management Services 183 6. V erify that the new firmware is cu rrently running. See 6.7.4.1, “How to Determine the Current SMS Firmwar e V ersion” on page 181. If the new firmware is not running, something went w rong. Go back to step one and try again.
184 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 6.7.5 SM S Firmwa re Checkp oints Firmware Checkpoints are intended to let users and service personal know what the system is doing, in some detail, as it initializes.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 185 Chapter 7. Service Processor This chapter gives you an overview of the functionality of the Service Processor (SP) and how to use the SP .
186 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.2 Cus tomize a nd Acce ss the Serv ice Processo r Menus The SP menus enable you to configure SP options and to enable and disable functions.
Service Process or 187 7.2.2 Ho w to Access S ervice P rocesso r Menus L ocally Service Processor menus may be acces sed locally by connecting an ASCII terminal to either serial port. Y ou must press a key on the ASCII terminal to confirm the presence of the Service Processor .
188 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • General Acces s Password Passwords can be any combination of up to 8 alphanumeric characters. Y ou can enter longer passwords, but the entri es are truncated to include only the first 8 characters.
Service Process or 189 7.4.1 P re-St andby P hase This phase is entered when the server is connected t o a power source. The server may or may not be fully powered on. T his phase is exited when the Power-On Self-T ests (POST ) and configurations tasks are completed.
190 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • Menus The SP menus are password protected. Befor e you can access them you need to know either General User (Power- On Password or POP) or Privileged User (Privileged Access Password or P AP).
Service Process or 191 • Run-T ime Surveillance (Heartbeat Monitoring) If the device driver is installed and surveillance enabled, the SP monitors the system heartbeat.
192 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.5. 1 Serv ice Proc essor Setu p Men u The service processor setup menu appears as follows: 7.5.1.1 Change Privilege d Access P assword Set or change the Privileged Access Password. It provides you with the capability to access all Service Proc essor functions.
Service Process or 193 change the surveillance time interval or the surveillance delay , as shown in the following example. Surveillance May be set to Enabled or Disab led . Y ou can switch between those two options by simply entering 1 and then press Enter .
194 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Provides the SP with a means to detect hang conditions, hardwar e or software failures while the operating system is running. It also provides the operating system with a means to detect the SP failure by the lack of a return heartbeat.
Service Process or 195 7.5.2 System P ower Co ntrol Me nu The following shows a system power control menu. 7.5. 2.1 Enabl e/Disa ble Una ttended Start Mode This option may be used to instruct Service Processor to immediately power-on the server afte r a power failure, bypassing power-on password verification.
196 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.5.2.3 Reboot/Restart Policy Setup Menu Reboot describes bringing the system hardware back up fr om scratch, for example, from a system reset or power on. The boot process ends when control passes to the operating system process.
Service Process or 197 1. The Use OS-Defined restart policy is set to NO . OR 2. The Use OS-Defined restart policy is set to YE S and the operating system has no automatic restart policy . Call-Out Before Restart (Enabled/Disabled) If a restart is necessary due to a system fault, you can enable the SP to call out and report the event.
198 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book historical comparison can be useful to System Administrators and service personnel. 7.5.3.2 Read Progress Indicators from Last System Boot Displays the boot progress indicators (check points), up to a maximum of 100, from the system boot prior to t he one in progress now .
Service Process or 199 Press Enter to continue and y ou will s ee the sec ond s creen. Now press Enter to see the last screen. 7.5.3.7 View System Environmental C onditions The SP reads all environmental sensors and reports the results.
200 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book an example of the system environmental conditions screen and depends on your system: 7.5.3.8 Processor Configuration/Deconfiguration Menu This option allows you to see and modify processor configuration.
Service Process or 201 Configured by System The processor is present, and has not exceeded the number of failures threshold. It is configured by the system and is available. Deconfigured by System The processor is present, but has excee ded the number of failures threshold.
202 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book ST ANDBY mode reflects the configuration during the last boot. T o view the current configuration, access the SP menu after the system boots up. When you select a memory DIMM, its state will toggle between configured and deconfigured.
Service Process or 203 7.5.5.1 Modem Confi gur ation Men u The first two lines of the Modem Configuration Menu (shown following) are status lines showing the current selections. Selections are made in the two sections labeled Modem Ports and Modem Configuration File Name.
204 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book serial port. The SP will mark your choi ce with an arrow (Port 2 was used in the example for on the following screen). Then you have to select a modem type. For example, if you have a Hayes Smart Modem 300 you have to select option 7 modem_z_ sp .
Service Process or 205 Y ou will s ee your choices selected in the following screen: 7.5. 5.2 Serial Po rt Sele ctio n Men u In any combination, the call-in and call-out functions o f each serial port can be enabled and/or disabled, as shown i n the following scr een.
206 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.5.5.3 Serial Port Speed Setup Menu The Serial Port Speed Setup Menu appears as follows: The serial port speed can be set for ter minal performance or t o accommodate modem capabilities. A speed of 9600 baud or higher is recommended.
Service Process or 207 This menu may be used to set or change the telephone numbers for reporting a system failure. The SP allows setting or changing telephone numbers for: Servic e Cent er T elepho ne Numbe r The number of the service center computer .
208 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Call-Out Policy (First/All) The Call Out policy may be set to first or all. If the call out policy is set to first, the SP stops at the first successful call out to one of the following numbers in the order listed: 1.
Service Process or 209 Customer RET AIN Login User ID & Custo mer RET AIN Login Password Both apply to a service function to which your service provider may or may not have access. Leave these fields blank if your service provider does not use RET AIN.
210 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.6.1 Po wer-On Syste m Allows you to power-on the system. 7.6.2 Re ad VPD Imag e from Last System Boo t Displays the Vital Pr oduct Data (VPD) information that was in ef fect after the last system boot.
Service Processor 21 1 The firmware in your server can be updated u sing one of four available initiation processes: 1. Service Processor initiation 2. SMS Utilities initiati on 3. Service Aids initiation 4. AIX initiation Each initiation method is desc ribed below .
212 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 7.7.2 Up dating Firm ware from the SM S Utilities From a powered-down or reset condition, bring up the SMS Utilities and select the menu item for updating firmware. T he process requests the update diskette(s) as needed.
Service Process or 213 and reboots. Y ou know the process is complete when the login prompt reappears. 7.8 Serv ice Proc essor Ch eckpo ints SP Checkpoints are intended to let users and service personal know what t he service processor is doing, in some detail, as it initializes.
214 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 215 Chapter 8. Hints and T ips This chapter provides useful hints and tips, not only for the Models 150 and 260, but for all RS/6000 models. 8.1 Elec tronic Key-S witch Function One of the main differ ences between Micro Channel- based RS/6000 systems and PCI-based RS/6000 systems is the omission of a physical key .
216 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book There are two other ways to alter the boot lists: System Management Services (SMS) and the AIX tool diag .
Hints and T ips 217 bootinfo -p , you will get dif ferent results for PReP and CHRP/RP A machines. The result of boo tinfo -T is always rspc for every PCI-based machine. The results of bootinf o with the -p option are shown in T able 40. T able 4 0. R esults o f bootin fo -p 8.
218 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book When the installation of the backup has finished, the installation program reconfigures the Object Data Manager (ODM) on the target system.
Hints and T ips 219 that has been released in the last few years (RSPC, SMP , graphics adapters, disks, and so on) has made cloning machines almost impossible. Up to this point the only method of cloning was to install all the device drivers on a machine before you created a mksysb image.
220 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book position, you may just need to boot into maintenance mode after the install and install the MP kernel updates. 8.3.4.2 On the S ystem Y ou Want to Clone 1. Create a mksysb tape on the system you want to clone.
Hints and T ips 221 SIZE_MB = HDISKNA ME = locale: BOSINST _LANG = C CULTURA L_CONVE NTION = C MESSAGE S = en_ US KEYBOAR D = en_ US 3. Create the customization script using an editor . # vi cloner Sample Script: #!/usr/b in/ksh set -x RV=$(boo tinfo -z) if [ "$RV " -eq 1 ] then installp -ab cgXd/.
222 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 8.3.4. 3 On th e System Y ou Want to Install Insert the diskette and the AIX 4.1. 4 CD and boot the target machine (t he one you want to install on) from the CD product media and go into the installation main menu.
Hints and T ips 223 Y ou can then turn the key (if there is a key) to normal at this time so the machine will reboot when the install is complete. Y ou should see the mksysb being r estored, and then you should s ee installp called later when cfgmgr is called from the script to install any additional devices it detects.
224 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • SWITCH_TO_PRODUCT _T APE This stanza allows you to boot from a product tape, the n s witch to a mksysb tape to ins tall. Y ou c an then switch back to the product tape at the end of the installation if you need to install additional device filesets for support on the target mach ine.
Hints and T ips 225 The Welcom e to the Base Operating Sy stem I nstallatio n and Mai ntenance screen is displayed. 1. Select 3. Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery option from the installation main menu. 2. Select the Install from a System Backup option.
226 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book After the mksysb installation completes, the installation program automatically installs additional devices and the kernel (uniprocessor or microprocessor) on your sys tem using the orig inal product media you booted from.
Hints and T ips 227 Y ou can inter rupt the non-prompted installation as described below: During the boot, aft er a few seconds, you will see three zeroes (000) and a spinning cursor on your screen, just enter again three zeroes (000) immediately and press Enter .
228 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Produc t Sp ecif ic.( Z0) .... ...0 00 1105 A Devic e Specif ic.(YL ).... ....P2 -I2 pci0 00 -f ef00 000 PC I Bus Devic e Sp ecif ic.( YL). ... .... P2 isa0 10 -5 8 ISA Bu s Devic e Sp ecif ic.( YL).
Hints and T ips 229 FRU Numb er.... ...... ..... ...76H 2698 ROS Leve l and ID.. ....... ...3 633363 3 Serial Numbe r..... .... ......6 8048A9 7 EC Leve l. .... .... .... ... .... 48 8638 Part N umber. ...... .... ......9 3G3160 Device Speci fic.(Z 0).
230 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Devic e Ty pe: ch rp Proces sor Card : Part Nu mber.. ...... ..... ....08 L1200 EC Leve l..... ...... ..... ....22 605061 Seria l Number ...... ..... ....L6 081820 62 FRU Numb er .... .... ... ..
Hints and T ips 231 System : Machin e/ Cabi net Se ria l No.. .704 32 6588 7 Machi ne Typ e and Model ...... 7043-2 60 Manufa ct ure ID .... ... .... ...1 98 0 Versio n... ...... ..... .... ...RS6 K Physi cal Loca tion: L1 Op Pane l: Part Nu mber.. ..
232 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Name: Po werPC, POWER3 Node: Po werPC, POWER3 @0 Devic e Ty pe: cp u Phys ica l Loca tion : P1 -C1 Name: Po werPC, POWER3 Node: Po werPC, POWER3 @2 Devic e Ty pe: cp u Phys ica l Locati on: P1-C 2 Name: IB M,memo ry-mod ule Node: IB M,memo ry-mod ule@1 2 Physic al Loc ation: P1-M 2.
Hints and T ips 233 Model : IB M,41 H886 2 Node: to ken-ri ng@f Devic e Ty pe: ne twor k Physic al Loc ation: P2-I 5 Name: et hernet Model : AM D,am 79C9 71 Node: et hernet @10 Devic e Ty pe: ne twor .
234 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Name: so und Model: CS423 6B Node: so und@i5 34 Physic al Loc ation: P2/Q 2 Name: 80 42 Node: 80 42@i60 Physic al Loc ation: P2/K 1 Name: fd c M.
Hints and T ips 235 (0x000BEBC200 = 200000000 Hz = 200 MHz) • L2=04096 shows you the size of the Level 2 cache (= 4 MB). 8.4. 2 Inf orma tion about t he S ervic e Proc esso r Y ou can determi ne the actual level of the service processor firmware if you search for the Sys tem Firmw are entry in the lsc fg -vp output.
236 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book T o get the information, run the following command /usr/lpp /diagn ostics/bin /uesensor -l and you will see a output similar to the this: The status of the environmental sensors can also be shown by using the diagnostics service aid.
Hints and T ips 237 • Y our SPOT server in the bootp server address f ield. • Y our client's gateway in the gateway address field. If broadcasting will be used to obtain a boot image, leave these IP address fields empty . • Specify the subnet ma sk for your client machi ne if you ar e prompted for one in the subnet mask field.
238 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book errc lear 0 8.7 Boo ting Problems After the firmware has passed control of the system to AIX, problems which occur are, in most cases, the same as for any other RS/6000. In this section, several problems during booting are discussed.
Hints and T ips 239 8. Check the following files for any modification or problems with permissions: /.profil e /etc/env ironme nt /etc/pro file /etc/ini ttab In addition, check that the files can be executed without problems, for example: /usr/bin /sh /e tc/environ ment 9.
240 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book 6. Perform maintenance work. Remember t o set the $TERM variable so that you can use full-screen editors, for example if you are using an ibm3151 ASCII terminal: TERM=ibm 3151 export T ERM 7. Shut down and restart the system.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 241 Appendix A. R S/ 6000 43P 7043 Model 140 The RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 is the volume leader of the RS/6000 product line. This appendix collects a general outline of this entry-level system to help introduce it to tho se not familiar with RS/6000 servers.
242 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book Figure 41. RS /6000 4 3P 704 3 Mod el 140 The Model 140 has many of the reliability , availability and servic eability (RAS) features essential to today’s computing environments. The Error Checking and Correcting (ECC) memory helps detect and correct many single-bit errors.
RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 243 Some of the standard configurations and f eatures are described T able 41. T abl e 41. R S/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 Stan dard C onfig uration A.3 Standard Features Standard features are as follows. • V ertical stand • LED operator panel • 20X SCSI-2 CD-ROM drive • 1.
244 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book A.4 Supported Optional Features The RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 supports a wi de range of optional feat ures and devices, such as: • Communications adapters for 25/155 Mbps A TM, ISDN, T oken-Ring, 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, FDDI, X.
RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 140 245 technical and commercial distributed environments. With a vast portfolio of available commercial and technical applications, AIX can provide solutions just right for your business, regardless of its size.
246 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 247 Appendix B. Special Notic es This publication is intended to help technical and non-technical pr ofessionals market, support, configure, and manage the RS/6000 43P 7043 Models 150 and 260.
248 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book them into the customer’ s operational environment. While each item may hav e been reviewed by IBM for accuracy in a specific situation, there is no guarantee that the same or similar results will be obtained elsewhere.
Special Notices 249 Lotus Development Corporation Cambridge, Massachusetts T ivoli Syst ems, Inc. 9442 Capitol of T exas Highway , North Plaza 1, Suite 500 Austin, T exas 78759 The following terms are trademarks o f other companies: C-bus is a trademark of Corollary , Inc.
250 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 251 Appendix C. Related Publications The publications listed in this section are considered particularly suitable for a more detailed discussion of the topics covered in this redbook.
252 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book • PowerPC Architecture: A Specification for a New Family of RISC Processors , Second Edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.
© Copyri ght IBM Corp. 1998 253 How to Get ITSO Redbooks This section explains how bot h custome rs and IB M employee s can f ind out a bout ITSO red books, CD-ROMs, worksho ps, an d re sidencies. A for m for or derin g boo ks and C D-ROMs is also provid ed.
254 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handbo ok How C ustome rs Can Get IT SO Redboo ks Customers may request ITSO deliverables (re dbooks, BookManager BOOKs, and CD-ROMs) and informatio n about .
255 IBM Re dbook O rder For m Please send me the following: We accept Amer ican Expr ess, Diners , Eurocar d, Master Ca rd, and Visa. Pay ment by c redit car d not available in all countries .
256 RS/6000 4 3P 704 3 Mod els 150 and 260 Handbo ok.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 257 List of Abbreviations ABI application binary interface AC alternating cur ren t AIX Advanced Inter active Executive ANSI American Nati onal Standards Inst itut e AP AR.
258 R S/600 0 43P 7 043 Mode ls 150 a nd 2 60 Hand book ISA Industry Stan dard Architect ure ISDN integrated-ser vices digital netwo rk ISV independent soft ware vendor ITSO International T echnical S.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 259 Index Numerics 1000Bas e-SX 128 1000Bas eT Ethernet 128 100Base Tx Ether net 128 10BaseT Ethe rnet 128 2639 ul timedia v ideo cap ture adapter 134 2708 Eic on ISDN DIV.
260 RS/6000 43P 70 43 Mod els 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k WAN 133 AGP 14 ANSI standard X3.131-19 86 97 X3T9.2/37 5R Revision 10K 98 Apple Inc., regarding CHRP 21 archi tect ure ISA 33 PCI 32 POWER3 35 Po.
261 compar ison betwee n SSA and SCSI archite c ture 119 configu ration inf orm atio n 227 congr uence cl ass 42 consol e mirroring 192 cross inval idate 45 custo mer ac count se tup 20 8 custo mizat .
262 RS/6000 43P 70 43 Mod els 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k (black bez el ) 84 6159 12 /24 GB 4mm inte rnal tape d rive 85 6206 P CI s ingle -ended U ltra SCSI a dapter 62 , 88 , 106 , 109 , 110 , 124 6207.
263 K keybo ard 59 , 85 L L1 cach e 39 Least Recent ly Us ed 42 Roun d-Rob in 42 set as sociat ivit y 40 L2 cach e 39 LINPACK DP descrip tion 12 LINPACK SP descrip tion 12 LINPACK TPP descripti on 12 .
264 RS/6000 43P 70 43 Mod els 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k cache lin e prefetch 44 concep ts 39 cross inval idate 45 false s haring 46 hardware c haracteristi cs 39 memory hi erarchy 39 MESI pr otoc ol 45.
265 intr oduct ion 21 minim um syst ems requi rements 25 pla t form t opol ogy 22 RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 150 hardware d esign 26 RS/6000 43P 7043 Model 260 hardware d esign 29 RS/6000 Pla tform Archit.
266 RS/6000 43P 70 43 Mod els 15 0 and 26 0 Ha ndboo k synchrono us, SCSI 103 syste m back u p create 217 restore 217 syste m envir onmen tal co nditio ns 199 system manage ment serv ices 17 2 T tagge.
© Copyright IBM Corp. 1 998 267 ITSO Redbook Eva luation RS/6000 43P 704 3 Models 150 a nd 260 H andbook SG24-5144-00 Y our f eedback is ver y impor tant to help u s maint ain the qua lity o f I TSO r edboo ks.
Printed in the U.S.A . SG24-5144-00 RS/6 000 43P 7043 M ode ls 150 and 260 Handbook SG24-5 144-00.
Een belangrijk punt na aankoop van elk apparaat IBM 260 (of zelfs voordat je het koopt) is om de handleiding te lezen. Dit moeten wij doen vanwege een paar simpele redenen:
Als u nog geen IBM 260 heb gekocht dan nu is een goed moment om kennis te maken met de basisgegevens van het product. Eerst kijk dan naar de eerste pagina\'s van de handleiding, die je hierboven vindt. Je moet daar de belangrijkste technische gegevens IBM 260 vinden. Op dit manier kan je controleren of het apparaat aan jouw behoeften voldoet. Op de volgende pagina's van de handleiding IBM 260 leer je over alle kenmerken van het product en krijg je informatie over de werking. De informatie die je over IBM 260 krijgt, zal je zeker helpen om een besluit over de aankoop te nemen.
In een situatie waarin je al een beziter van IBM 260 bent, maar toch heb je de instructies niet gelezen, moet je het doen voor de hierboven beschreven redenen. Je zult dan weten of je goed de alle beschikbare functies heb gebruikt, en of je fouten heb gemaakt die het leven van de IBM 260 kunnen verkorten.
Maar de belangrijkste taak van de handleiding is om de gebruiker bij het oplossen van problemen te helpen met IBM 260 . Bijna altijd, zal je daar het vinden Troubleshooting met de meest voorkomende storingen en defecten #MANUAl# samen met de instructies over hun opplosinge. Zelfs als je zelf niet kan om het probleem op te lossen, zal de instructie je de weg wijzen naar verdere andere procedure, bijv. door contact met de klantenservice of het dichtstbijzijnde servicecentrum.
