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SEBU6251-06 April 1999 Operation and Maintenance Manual Caterpillar Commer cial Diesel Engine Fluids Recommendations For All Commercial Diesel Engines Except 3600 Series Engines.
i01097883 Important Safety Information Most accidents that involve pr oduct operation, maintenance and repair ar e caused by failure to observe basic safety rules or pr ecautions. An accident can often be avoided by r ecognizing potentially hazardous situations before an accident occurs.
3 T able of Contents T able of Contents Fore word ............................................................... 4 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications ........................................ 5 Fuel Specifications ...........................
4 Fore word Fo r ewo rd Literature Information This manual should be stored in the literature storage area. The infor mation contained in this document is the most current infor mation available for coolants, fuels, and lubricants. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for any special lubrication requir ements for your engine.
5 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications i01111306 Lubricant Information SMCS Code: 1000; 1300; 7581 General Information Because of gover nment regulations regar ding the cer tification of engine exhaust emissions, the lubricant recommendations must be followed.
6 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications • Caterpillar Diesel Engine Oil (15W40) Caterpillar multigrade Diesel Engine Oil is formulated with the correct amounts of detergents, dispersants, and alkalinity in order to provide superior per for mance in Caterpillar Diesel Engines.
7 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Three new engine tests were developed for the API CH-4 oil. The first test specifically evaluates deposits on pistons for engines with the two-piece steel piston. This test (piston deposit) also measures the control of oil consumption.
8 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications NO TICE Operating Direct Injected (DI) diesel engines with fuel sulfur lev els ov er 1.0 percent may require shor tened oil change inter vals in order to help maintain adequate wear protection.
9 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Commercial Oils (3116 and 3126 Marine Engines) The per for mance of commercial diesel engine oil is based on American Petr oleum Institute (API) classifications.
10 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations (3116 and 3126 Marine Engines) The proper SAE viscosity grade of oil is deter mined by the minimum ambient temperature during cold engine star t-up, and the maximum ambient temperature during engine operation.
11 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications EMA LRG-1 – The Engine Manufactur ers Association (EMA) has developed lubricant recommendations as an alter native to the API oil classification system.
12 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications NO TICE F ailure to follo w these oil recommendations can cause shor tened engine ser vice life due to deposits and/or excessiv e wear .
13 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications For maximum transmission service life and perfor mance, Caterpillar recommends Caterpillar T ransmission/Drive T rain Oil (TDTO).
14 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications i01123104 Aftermarket Oil Additives SMCS Code: 1300; 1348; 7581 Caterpillar does not r ecommend the use of aftermarket additives in oil. It is not necessar y to use aftermarket additives in order to achieve the engine ’ s maximum service life or rated perfor mance.
15 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Multipurpose Greases Multipurpose Lithium Complex Grease (MPGL) Multipurpose Lithium Complex Grease (MPGL) is a general purpose lithium complex grease for medium-duty applications. This product has good characteristics at high temperatures such as a dropping point of 260 C (500 F).
16 Maintenance Section Lubricant Specifications Caterpillar Premium Grease (CPG) Desert Gold (CPG) Desert Gold is a heavy-duty , premium synthetic grease that is developed for the most extreme operating environments.
17 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications Fuel Specifications i01060086 General Fuel Information SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 • Purchase fuel fr om a reputable supplier . • Use fuel that meets the minimum Caterpillar specifications for diesel fuel. The specifications are included in the table Caterpillar Specifications for Distillate Fuel.
18 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications Fuel Heaters The fuel cloud point is related to problems with fuel filters. The heater heats the fuel above the cloud point befor e the fuel enters the fuel filter . This prevents wax from blocking the filter .
19 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications (T able 7, contd) Caterpillar Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel Specifications Requirements ASTM T est 30 minimum API Gravity 45 maximum “ D287 ” P our P oint 6 C (10 F) minimum below ambient temperature “ D97 ” Sulfur (1) 3% maximum “ D3605 ” or “ D1552 ” Kinematic Viscosity (2) 1.
20 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications i01111650 Characteristics of Diesel Fuel SMCS Code: 1250; 1280 The primary characteristics that af fect engine operation and perfor mance in cold temperatures are the following characteristics: Lubricity , Viscosity , Cetane Number , Cloud Point, Pour Point, and Moisture Content.
21 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications Cetane Number The cetane number of the fuel has an effect on the ability of the engine to start. Also, the cetane number has an effect on the interval of time before the engine runs smoothly . Generally , an increase of ten in the cetane number will allow the engine to be started at a lower temperature.
22 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications g00592741 Illustration 5 Cloud point of fuel mixtures Generally , the most practical method that is used to prev ent problems that are caused b y fuel cloud point at low temperatures is the use of fuel heaters.
23 Maintenance Section Fuel Specifications 5. Determine the lowest outside temperature for machine operation. Find this point on the left side of the table. Mark this point. Draw a horizontal line from this point. Stop the line at the intersection of line “ A ” .
24 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Cooling System Specifications i01111669 General Coolant Information SMCS Code: 1350; 1395 NO TICE Nev er add coolant to an ov erheated engine. Engine damage could result. Allow the engine to cool first.
25 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 9 Caterpillar Minimum Acceptable Water Requirements Property Maximum Limit ASTM T est Chloride (Cl) 40 mg/L (2.
26 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 1 1 Prop ylene Glycol Concentration Freeze Protection Anti-Boil Protection 50 P ercent − 29 C( − 20 F) 106 C (223 F) T o check the concentration of glycol, use the 1U-7298 Coolant/Battery T ester (Celsius) or use the 1U-7297 Coolant/Battery T ester (Fahrenheit).
27 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications ELC is available in a 1:1 premixed cooling solution with distilled water . The Premixed ELC provides freeze pr otection to − 36 C( − 33 F). The Premixed ELC is recommended for the initial fill of the cooling system.
28 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 1 5 Example Of The Equation For Adding ELC Extender T o ELC T otal V olume of the Cooling System (V) Multiplication Factor Amount of ELC Extender that is Required (X) 946 L (250 US gal) × 0.
29 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications 8. Drain the cooling system into a suitable container and flush the cooling system with clean water . Note: The cooling system cleaner must be thoroughly flushed from the cooling system. Cooling system cleaner that is left in the system will contaminate the coolant.
30 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Caterpillar Diesel Engine Antifreeze/Coolant (DEAC) is for mulated with the correct level of Caterpillar SCA. When the cooling system is initially filled with DEAC, adding more SCA is not necessar y until the concentration of SCA has been depleted.
31 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 1 6 Caterpillar SCA Requirements for Hea vy-Duty Coolant/Antifreeze Cooling System Capacity Initial Fill (1) 250 Service Hour Maintenance (2) Spin-on Element at 250 Service Hour Maintenance (3) 22 to 30 L (6 to 8 US gal) 0.
32 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 1 8 Equation For Adding The SCA T o Con ventional Coolant/Antifreeze At The Initial Fill V × 0.045 = X V is the total volume of the cooling system. X is the amount of SCA that is required.
33 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications When a heavy-duty coolant/antifreeze is used, treat the cooling system with three to six percent Caterpillar SCA by volume. For more information, see this publication, “ Conventional Coolant/Antifreeze Cooling System Maintenance ” topic (Maintenance Section).
34 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Ta b l e 2 2 Caterpillar SCA Requirements f or SCA and Water Cooling Systems Cooling System Capacity Caterpillar SCA at Initial Fill Caterpillar SCA at 250 Hours 22 to 30 L (6 to 8 US gal) 1.75 L (64 fl oz) 0.
35 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications Additions of SCA are based on the results of the test or based on the r esults of the coolant analysis.
36 Maintenance Section Cooling System Specifications S · O · S Coolant Analysis (Level 2) Level 2 coolant analysis is a comprehensive chemical evaluation of the coolant. This analysis is also a check of the overall condition of the inside of the cooling system.
37 Reference Inf or mation Section Reference Materials Reference Inf ormation Section Reference Materials i01123492 Reference Material SMCS Code: 1000 The following literature can be obtained through any Caterpillar dealer .
38 Reference Inf or mation Section Reference Materials The “ American Petroleum Institute Publication No. 1509 ” can be obtained from the following locations: local technological society , local librar y , and local college. If necessar y , consult API at the following address: American Petroleum Institute 1220 L St.
39 Index Section Index A Additional Reference Material ............................... 37 Aftermar ket Oil Additives ....................................... 14 C Characteristics of Diesel Fuel ................................ 20 Cetane Number.........
40 Index Section R Re-refined Base Stock Oils ................................... 13 Reference Inf or mation Section .............................. 37 Reference Mater ial ................................................ 37 Coolants . .................
Product and Dealer Information Note: For product identification plate locations, see the section “ Product Identification Information ” in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
©1999 Caterpillar All Rights Reser ved Printed in U .S.A..
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