Gebruiksaanwijzing /service van het product U2761A van de fabrikant Agilent Technologies
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Agilent T echnologies Agil ent U27 61A USB M o dula r Fun ct io n/A rbi tr a ry W avef orm Ge nerat or User’ s Guid e.
II U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de Notices © A gilen t T echn olo gie s, In c., 2 008 N o p a r t o f t h i s m a n u a l m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d i n any form or by a ny mea ns (in cluding e lec- t.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de III Safe ty Symb ols Th e fol lowin g sy mb ol s on the inst ru ment and in t he do cume ntat ion ind ica te p rec au ti ons wh ich mu st be t ake n to ma intai n saf e op er atio n of the in str um ent .
IV U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de General Safety Information The f ollowi ng ge ner al saf ety preca utions m u st be ob serv ed during all phas es o f oper ation of th is ins tr ument .
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de V Enviro nme nt Co n dition s Thi s inst ru men t is des ign ed f or in door u se and in th e area wi th low con den sat ion. Th e t abl e be low shows th e general env iron menta l req u ire m en ts fo r t hi s in s t ru me n t.
VI U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de Regulatory M a rkings The C E mar k is a r egis tered tra dema r k of the Eu r ope an Co mmun ity . This CE mark shows that the produ ct c omp lies with all the rele vant Euro pea n Legal Direct ives. The C-ti ck m ark i s a reg ist ered trademark of th e Spe ctrum Ma na gem e nt Age n cy of A us tra li a.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de VII W as te E lec t ric al and El ec tr onic Eq uip ment (W EEE ) D irec t ive 2002 /96/EC Thi s inst rume n t co mpl ies wi th the W EEE D ire ct ive ( 2002 / 96/E C) ma rk ing requi r ement .
VIII U2761 A U se r’s Gu ide Dec larati on of C onformi ty DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to EN ISO/IEC 17050-1:2004 Generic example Manufacturer’s Name: Agilent Tec hnologies Mic rowave Products (M) Sdn.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de IX Product Regulations Performance Criteria IEC 61326- 1:2002 / EN 61326-1 :1997+A 1:1998 + A2:20 01+A3 :2 003 CISPR 11:1 990 / EN 550 11:1990 – Group 1 Class A IEC 61000.
X U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de In This G uide … 1 Get ting S tar ted I n this ch apter , yo u prepa re your s yst em f or in sta lla t io n and co nf igu rati on to get s tar ted wi th the U2 761 A. 2 Fea tures an d Func tions In t his cha p ter , you wi ll le ar n ab ou t the f unc tion s an d fe atur e s of fer ed b y the U2 761 A.
U2 761 A U ser' s Gu ide XI Con tent s List of Figu res XV List of T ables XVII 1 Getti ng Sta rted 1 Introd uction 2 Produ ct at a G lan ce 3 Pr oduc t Outl ook 3 Pro duc t Dimens io ns 5 Di men.
XII U 276 1A U ser 's G ui de Conte n ts 2 Featur es and F unctions 25 Outp ut Conf igurati on 26 Introd uction 26 Out put Fu nction 26 Outp ut Freque nc y 29 Outp ut Amplitude 31 Out put Un its .
Conte n ts U2 761 A U ser' s Gu ide XIII Mo du l a ti ng Wav efo rm Fr eq u e nc y 59 Frequ e ncy De vi ation 59 Genera te FM Usin g SCPI Commands 60 P ha se Mod ul a ti o n ( PM) 61 To S e l e c.
XIV U 276 1A U ser 's G ui de Conte n ts T o Select Sweep 80 Start Fre quen cy an d Stop Fr eq uency 81 Sweep Mode 82 Sweep T ime 82 Sweep T rigge r Sourc e 83 Set Frequency Sweep Using SCPI Comm.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de XV Lis t of Figures Figure 1 -1 55-pi n backpl ane c onnector p in confi gur ation 23 Figure 2 -1 U 2761A sof t front pa nel 28 Figure 2 -2 T o p pan el v iew of the U276 1.
XVI U2 761 A Use r’s G ui de.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de XV II Lis t of T able s Ta b l e 1 - 1 Synchro nous S imul taneous Int erfac e (SSI) conne cto r pin de scr ipti o n 23 Ta b l e 2 - 1 Out put f unctio ns 26 Ta b l e 2 - 2.
XVI II U2761 A U se r’s Gu ide.
1 Agilen t T echnolo gies Ag il ent U27 6 1A US B Mo du la r F unct ion Ge ne rato r Use r’ s Gu id e 1 Gett ing S tar ted I ntr oduc ti o n 2 Pro duct at a Gl an ce 3 Pro du ct D i mens io ns 5 Sta.
2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d Introducti on The U27 6 1A is a 20 MH z USB mod ular function ge nerator with Arbit rar y wav ef o rm and pulse gene ratio n capabili ti es. It can o pe r at e as a s t an d alo n e o r mo d u lar un it w hen u se d with the U 2781A USB m odular instrument chassis .
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 3 Produ ct at a Glance Product Outlook To p V i e w Bumpers.
4 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d Front View Rear View USB i ndica tor Powe r indi cator 10 MH z ref erence conne ctor T rigge r in conne ct or T rigger o ut co nnect or Out p.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 5 Prod uct D ime nsi ons Di m ens io n s Wi tho u t B u mp e rs To p V i e w 105.00 mm 175.00 mm 18. 00 m m Front View 25.
6 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d Dime ns ions W ith Bump ers To p V i e w 117.00 m m 180.00 mm 15.00 m m Front View 41.00 m m.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 7 St andar d Purc ha se I tems V e ri fy t he fo llowi n g i t em s for t h e st an d ard p urch ase of th e U27 61A. If th ere are a n y missi ng or mechan ically d ama ged it em s , c o nt ac t t he n e ar e st A g il e nt Sa l e s Of f ic e.
8 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d Inspe ctio n and Ma inte nanc e Initial Insp ection When y ou rece iv e y our U2 7 61A, i nspec t the uni t for a ny obv i ou s d am ag e su ch as b roken ter m ina ls or c ra c ks , den ts , and scratche s on the casing that may occur during shipmen t.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 9 Inst alla tion an d C onf ig u ratio n Installation Fol l ow t h e s t ep - by - step instructions sho wn in the f ollo w ing f lo wchart to get st ar ted with the prep arat ion s and in stall at ions of y our U27 61A.
10 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d A. C heck Y our S ystem Prior to any installati on or conf iguration, ple ase ensure t hat y our PC m eet s the f ollo w in g min imum sys tem re qui rem ents .
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 11 B. Inst all the I O Librar ies Suit e The IO Libr aries Suite 14 .2 or hi gher is ava il able o n the Agi lent Automation - Rea dy CD th a t com es w it h th e s tan da rd purcha se of t he U2761A.
12 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d C. Inst all the M odu le Driv er 1 V e r i f y t h a t y o u r P C m e e t s t h e m i n i m u m s y s t e m req u ir em en t s as s t at e d i n “A. Check Y our System” on page 10 . 2 Ins e r t t h e Pr o duc t Re f er enc e CD - ROM into y o ur CD - RO M drive.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 13 6 Click Install to be gin the installa tion. F ollo w the instructio ns on the scre e n to pr oceed with the inst a lla tion . 7 Click Fi nis h whe n the install ation has c o mpl eted. D. Ins tall the Agile nt M easure men t Mana ge r 1 If you h ave d on e “ C.
14 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d 6 Click OK t o beg in th e i ns ta llat ion of t he li st ed m issin g pr ereq uis ites. 7 Once the abo ve installa tion h as comp leted, in stallati on of th e Me as u r em en t Ma na ge r s of t wa r e wil l p ro c ee d a s normal .
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 15 E. Connec t the Module to Y ou r PC 1 After th e installati ons ha ve comp leted, conn ect t he po w e r cord to the A C/DC po wer adapter . The A C/DC po we r adap ter re qui rements are 100 to 240 V A C, 50/60 H z, with an ou tp ut v oltag e of +12 VDC.
16 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d 5 Select Inst all the softwar e automatica lly (Re commended) and click Next . 6 A war ning m es sage w il l ap p ear on the Hard wa re In st all ati on wind o w . Clic k Con ti nu e Anyw ay to pro ceed with the inst alla tion of t h e U2761A .
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 17 7 Click Fi nis h to co mple te the installati o n. NOTE If you do n ot wish to r ece ive s imila r war ning m essag es i n the fu ture, follo w th e in st ru ct ion s b e low. • Go t o Start > C ontr ol Panel a n d do ubl e -c li c k System.
18 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d 8 The As si gn US B d e vic e ali as wi n d o w wi ll appe ar . Ea ch t im e the U27 61A is p lugged in, this di alog bo x will appear . T o disabl e th is dia lo g, sele ct th e Never show t his d ialog op tio n in the Show this dialog pane l an d cli ck OK .
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 19 c Click Ye s to begin the firmware do wnload . The f ollo wing m essage box will appear indica ting t he do wn load in progre ss. d Y our U276 1A is ready f or use once the fir mw are do wn load h as comp let ed .
20 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d 3 A con tex t me nu wi ll appe ar as shown be lo w and sele ct Se nd Co m man ds T o T his In st rum ent . 4 The Agi len t In tera c ti ve I O dialo g bo x wil l app ear . Click Send & Read to send the *IDN? default comm a nd.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 21 G . La unc h Y ou r Ag il ent Mea sur emen t Ma na ge r 1 Doub l e - cli ck t he M e asu rem en t M ana g e r s of t wa r e ico n on y o ur desktop or go to Start > All Pr ograms > Agilent > Modular Prod ucts > Agilent Mea suremen t Manager to lau nch the software.
22 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d 3 The Se lec t U SB D ev ic e dia log box w ill appe ar di spla ying the conne cted U2 7 61A de v ices. To start the a pplicati on, sele ct a U27 61A de vice and cl ick OK t o establ ish the co nnection.
Ge tt ing Sta rte d 1 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 23 55-Pin Backp lane Conne ctor Pin Con figuration The 55 - pin b ackp lane connector i s us ed when t he U27 6 1A modul e is in ser t ed into t he U 2781A USB modul ar instr umen t chas sis. F or more details, ref er to the Agi lent U278 1A USB Modul a r In strument Cha ssis Use r's Guide .
24 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 1G e t t i n g S t a r t e d Ch a s si s I ns t al lat i on The L - mount ki t is to be in stalled to y o ur U2 7 6 1A module. The f ol low ing instructions desc ribe the sim ple pr ocedure of inst a llin g th e L - moun t kit and y our mo du le i n the U 27 81 A chas sis.
25 Agilent T echnolo gies Agil ent U276 1A USB Modula r Function Gene r ato r Use r’ s Gu id e 2 Feat ures and F unctions Out p ut Co nf ig u ra ti on 26 Pulse Wavef orm 45 Am plit ud e Mod u la tio.
26 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Out put C onf igur at i on Introduction This section c ontains the inf or mat ion to h elp y ou configure the U27 61A f or output ting w av ef orms.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 27 Funct ion L imita tion I f y o u cha nge t o a func tion whe re the m axi mum f requ ency i s les s than the curren t functio n, the freq u ency wil l be ad ju st ed to th e m ax im u m v alu e for th e new fu nc t ion .
28 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on The fol lowing figure s ho ws the so f t fro nt panel of the U27 61A.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 29 T o select a functio n, clic k any of th e functio ns on th e top pane l as sh o w n b elo w . When a function is select ed, th e button will be illumi nated. Figu re 2- 2 T op panel vi ew of th e U 2761 A Click Arb to outpu t Arbitrary wav ef orm.
30 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Funct ion L imita tion s I f y o u cha nge t o a func tion whe re the m axi mum f requ ency i s les s than the curren t functio n, the freq u ency wil l be ad ju st ed to th e m ax im u m v alu e for th e new fu nc t ion .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 31 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FREQuency {<frequency>} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et. Outp ut Ampl itude Th e def ault am pli tude is 1 Vpp (i nto 50 Ω ) for all fu n cti on s .
32 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Li mi ts D u e to U nit s Se le cti o n I n some case s, the am plit ude li mits are dete rmined b y the outpu t units selected. Th is ma y occur when the units are V rms or d Bm du e to the dif fe rences in crest factor f or the var iou s ou tp ut fu nc tio n s.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 33 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on VOLTage {<amplitude>} Or, you can se t t he a mpl it ud e by sp ec i fy ing a hi gh level an d lo w level usi ng t he fo llowing c om man ds.
34 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Front Panel O pera tion On the Offs et pane l as sho w n in Fi gu re 2 - 5 , in p ut the desired o f fset v alue and se lect t he u nit from the drop down list.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 35 Outp ut Unit s Thi s c on figu ra tion a ppl ie s t o ou t pu t amp litu d e only . At po wer - on , the un it s for ou tput a mplit ude are vol ts pea k - to - pe ak. • The output uni t s con sist of V pp, V rms, or d Bm.
36 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Outp ut T ermination This conf i guration appl ies to outp ut ampl itude and off set v olt age o nly. Th e U2761A has a f i xed serie s outp ut im pedance of 50 Ω to the dev ice ou tput c onnector .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 37 Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click T ools and sel ect Wa v e f o r m G e n a s s h ow n i n t h e f o l l ow i n g .
38 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Dut y Cyc le ( Squa re W aves ) The d uty cycl e of a Squ are w av e represe nts t he amo unt of t i m e p e r c y c l e t h a t t h e S q u a r e w a v e i s a t a h i g h l e v e l ( a s s u m i n g t h a t t h e w a v e f o r m i s n o t i n v e r t e d ) .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 39 The d uty c ycl e s etti ng does not appl y to a S quar e wav ef orm u s e d a s t h e m o d u l a t i n g w a v e f o r m f o r A M , F M , o r P M . A 5 0 % d u t y c y c l e i s a l w a y s u s e d f o r a m o d u l a t i n g S q u a r e w a v e f o r m .
40 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Sym me t ry (Ra mp W a ve ) Thi s c on figu rat ion ap pl ies to Ramp wav e on ly . Symmetry re pres ents the amou nt of t ime pe r cy cle that the Ra mp wav e is rising (assu ming that th e wa v ef orm is no t inverted).
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 41 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion:RAMP:SYMMetry{<percent>} The APPLy command au tomaticall y sets the symmet r y to 100% . Outp ut Control Y ou c an d is a b le o r en ab le t h e so f t f ro nt pa n e l ou tp ut c o n t r o l .
42 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on OUTPut {OFF|ON} The APPLy comm and ove rride s the curre nt setting and automati cally enab l es the outp ut con tro l. S et Ou tp ut Us ing SC PI Co mmand s The fo llo wing SCPI co mmands s ho w a sam p le proce d ure of generating o utput.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 43 E x a m p l e 2 , T o o u t p u t a S i n e w a v e Exa mple 3 , To o ut put a Squa re wave -> *CLS ; *RST // T o reset the U 27 61A to defaul t po wer - on st ate, this co mmand ca n be igno red if this operat ion is no t required.
44 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s E x a m p l e 4 , T o o u t p u t a R a m p w a v e -> *CLS ; *RST // T o r eset the U 27 61A to d efaul t power - o n s t a t e , t h i s c o m m a n d can be ignored if this o p eration is not required.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 45 Pulse W aveform As sho wn belo w , a P u lse wav ef orm consis ts o f a per iod, a pulse w idth, a rising edge, a nd a falling e dge. Figu re 2- 12 Pulse wa vefor m Pu lse P erio d The ra nge o f t h e p uls e p eri o d is fro m 20 0 ns to 20 00 s .
46 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Pu lse Wid th The pulse width repre sents the time from the 50% threshold of t he pulse’s rising edge to the 50% thresh old of th e next fallin g ed ge. • The r ang e of the pu ls e wid th is 40 ns to <20 00 s (s ee restrict ions belo w).
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 47 Pu lse Dut y Cy cl e The pulse dut y cy cle is defined as: Dut y C ycl e = 100 × Puls e Width / P eriod whe re th e pul se width rep rese nts the t ime fro m the 5 0% threshol d of the ri sing edge of the pul se to the 50 % thr esh old of th e n ext falli ng ed ge.
48 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Gen e rate Pu l se W av ef orm Us in g S C PI C om m an ds Example 1 -> *CLS ; *RST // T o r eset the U 27 61A to d efaul t power - o n s t a t e , t h i s c o m m a n d can be ignored if this o p eration is not required.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 49 Ampl itude Modu lation ( AM) A modul ated wa vefo r m cons ists of a c arrier wa vef orm and a m o d u l a t i n g w a v e f o r m . A n e x a m p l e o f t h e A M w a v e f o r m i s sho w n in Fig ure 2- 14 .
50 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod and then select AM as s ho wn in Fig u re 2- 15 .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 51 Figu re 2- 16 Pan el view of the Arbit rary wa vefo rm Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et.
52 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on On the Fre qu ency p an el as s h o wn i n Fi g ure 2- 3 , inp ut the desired fre que nc y value and se lect t he un it from t h e drop do wn list.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 53 Modu lating W a vefor m Frequenc y The r ang e o f the modul ating wav eform f req u ency i s 2 mHz to 20 k Hz.
54 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Gene rate AM Using SC PI Command s Example 1 -> *CLS ; *RST // T o r eset the U 27 61A to d efaul t power - o n s t a t e , t h i s c o m m a n d can be ignored if this o p eration is not required.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 55 Fre quency Modu lation (FM) A modul ated wa vefo r m cons ists of a c arrier wa vef orm and a modu lating wa vef orm. B elo w sho ws an exam p le of the FM wa vef o rm. In FM, the fre que ncy of th e car rier i s va ried b y the in st antaneous v oltage of the m odula ting wa vefo r m.
56 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod and then se lect FM as sho wn in Fig u re 2- 18 .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 57 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et. Carrier Freq uency The m aximu m carri er frequ enc y dep ends o n the se lected functi on as sho w n bel ow .
58 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on On the Fre qu ency p an el as s h o wn i n Fi g ure 2- 3 , inp ut the desired fre que nc y value and se lect t he un it from t h e drop do wn list.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 59 Modu lating W a vefor m Frequenc y The r ang e o f the modul ating wav eform f req u ency i s 2 mHz to 20 k Hz.
60 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on On the De viati on pane l as sh o w n i n F igu re 2- 18 , input the desired fre que nc y deviatio n va lue a nd sele ct t he un it from the drop down list.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 61 Phase Modul ati on (P M) A modul ated wa vefo r m cons ists of a c arrier wa vef orm and a mo d ul at i n g w av e fo r m . T h e fo l low i n g f ig u r e sh ow s a n e x a m pl e o f a P M w a v e f o r m .
62 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod and then se lect PM as sh own in Fig u re 2- 20 .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 63 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et. Carrier Freq uency The m aximu m car rier f requ ency dep ends o n the fu nctio n sel ected as shown be low .
64 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Modu lating W ave form The modulatin g wav ef or m consist s of S ine, Squ are, Ram p, N e g a t i v e R a m p ( N r a m p ) , T r i a n g l e , o r A r b i t r a r y w a v e f o r m .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 65 Ph as e De v iat io n The phase dev iat ion sett ing rep res ents the pe ak vari at ion i n phase o f the modulated w a vef orm from the carrier wa v ef orm. Th e phase d ev iati o n setti ng can be se t from 0 to 36 0 ° .
66 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Freq uenc y-Shift K eying (FSK ) M od ulatio n FSK i s simil ar to FM ex cept that the freq u ency a lternates bet wee n two p r ese t v a lue s .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 67 Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod an d se le ct FS K as s ho wn in Fig u re 2- 22 . T o out put th e FSK w a v ef orm, c onfigu re the setti ngs for th e carrier frequency , output a mplitude, offset vo l t a g e, “ h o p f r e q u e nc y ” , a n d F S K r a t e.
68 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 69 FSK “Hop” Frequency The m axim um alt ernate ( o r “h op”) frequ ency d epend s o n the functi on selected as show n bel ow . The de fau lt “h op ” freq uen c y i s 10 0 Hz for a ll f un ct ion s .
70 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s FSK Rat e The F SK r ate is t he rate at which th e out put frequenc y “shifts” be twe e n the carrie r frequ ency and the hop frequency . • The r ang e of the FSK rate is 2 m Hz t o 10 0 kH z.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 71 Phas e-Shi ft K eying (PS K) M od ul ation Ph ase - s h i f t k e y i n g ( P S K ) i s a f o r m o f d i g i t a l m o d u l a t i o n i n which the phase of the carrier signal is discrete l y varied.
72 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod and then se lect PS K as s how n in Fig u re 2- 24 . T o output th e PSK w a vef orm, configu re the setti ngs for th e carrier frequency , output a mplitude, offset volt ag e, de v iat i on , an d PS K rat e .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 73 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et.
74 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s PSK R ate The PSK rate i s the rate at w hich the ou tput phase “shift s” bet wee n two p res e t p ha se s. T h e r an g e o f t he PS K ra te is 2 mH z t o 10 0 k Hz. The def ault PSK r ate value is 10 Hz .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 75 Gene rate PS K M odulat ion Us ing SCP I Comma nds Example 1 -> *CLS ; *RST // To reset th e U27 61A to defa ult p ow e r - on state , thi s command can be igno red if this operat ion is not required.
76 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Am pli tude- Sh ift Ke yin g (AS K) M od ul atio n ASK is a f orm of digital modulation in which the modulating si gnal ap p l y va riati ons in the am plitud e of a carri er si gnal .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 77 Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on Click Mod an d t h e n s e lec t ASK as sh own in Fig u re 2- 26 . T o output the AS K wav e f orm, configure the setti ngs for th e carrier frequency , output a mplitude, offset volt ag e, an d AS K r a te.
78 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FUNCtion {SINusoid|SQUare|RAMP|USER} Y ou ca n al so use the APPLy com mand to sel ec t the f unct ion, freq uency , am plit ude, and offs et.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 79 ASK Ra te The ASK rate is the rate at which the output a mpli tude “s hi ft s ” b et wee n two p res e t am pli tu d es . T he r a ng e of t h e AS K ra t e i s 2 m Hz to 10 0 kH z. The def ault ASK ra te value is 10 H z .
80 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Freq uenc y Sw ee p I n the f requ ency sw eep mod e, the U 2 7 61A “ step s” fr om the start frequency to t he stop fre quency at a sw ee p rate which y o u s p e c i f y .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 81 Figu re 2- 28 Pan el view of swee p Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on SWEep:STATe {OFF|ON} Start Frequency and Stop Freq uency The st ar t f requ ency and stop frequen cy set th e upp er a nd lo we r f requ ency bo unds for th e s wee p .
82 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on FREQuency:STARt {<frequency>} FREQuency:STOP {<frequency>} Sw ee p Mo d e Y ou c an sw eep wit h eith er l ine ar or l og arith mic spaci ng.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 83 Soft Fro nt Pane l Operati on On th e Sw eep Time pa nel as show n in Figur e 2- 28 , i np u t the desi red swe ep time a n d select t he un it fro m the drop do wn list.
84 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s T o specify whether the U 27 61A is triggered on the risin g or f a l l i n g e d g e o f t h e s i g n a l f r o m t h e T r i g I n c o n n e c t o r , s e l e c t Positive for ris ing edge triggering and Negative f or falling edge triggering.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 85 T r iggeri ng Applies to swe ep only . Y ou can issue triggers f o r swee ps usin g Inte r n a l (immediate) t rigger ing, Ex t e r n a l trigge ring, or Man ual (s o f tw ar e) trigge ring. • Int e r n a l t r i g g e r i n g i s e n a b l e d w h e n y o u t u r n o n t h e U27 61A.
86 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on TRIGger:SOURce {IMMediate|EXTernal|BUS} In te rn al T r ig ge ri n g In the Internal t rigg er mode, the U27 61A continu ously perf orms freq uency sweep ( as spec ified by t he sw e ep tim e) .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 87 Remo te I nter fac e Oper a ti on TRIGger:SOURce BUS When t he BUS s ource is selected, s end the TRIG or *TRG command to trigg er the U27 61A. Exte rnal T r igger ing In the External trig ger mode, t he U27 61A acc epts a har dware trigg er ap plied to the d evice Trig I n conne ctor .
88 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s T rig ge r Inp u t Si gnal Figu re 2- 29 T rigg er inpu t puls e The de vice co nnector is used f or Trigge red Swe ep Mode, refer to “Sweep T rigger S ource” on pa ge 83.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 89 When t h e In te r n al ( immediate) trigger sour ce is selected, the U27 61A outputs a Square wav e f orm with a 50% d uty cyc l e to the Tr ig Ou t c onne ctor at t he beginn ing of the s wee p .
90 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s Set T r ig ge ri n g U si ng S CP I Co m m ands Example 1 -> *CLS ; *RST // To reset the U27 61A to de fa ul t po w e r - on st a te , this comm and can be ignored if this operation is not require d.
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 91 Arb itrar y W ave form s Ther e ar e three bui lt - in A r b it r a r y w av e fo r ms o f fer e d .
92 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s 1 Select th e Arbitrar y w ave form func tion. Click Arb t o sele ct the Arb itrary functio n. 2 Set t he wavef or m period . Select Peri od and u se the num eric ke ypad or num eri c dr op do wn to set t he pe r i od f or th e waveform .
Featur es a nd Functi ons 2 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 93 6 St ar t wavef or m editing pro cess. Click to begin the freehan d dra w m ode or to ena b le l ine dr aw m od e. To en ab le o r di s a bl e th e g r id re fe renc e, clic k . Then , start dra wing the d esi red wave form .
94 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 2F e a t u r e s a n d F u n c t i o n s.
95 Agilent T echnolo gies Ag il ent U27 6 1A US B Mo du la r F unct ion Ge ne rato r Use r’ s Gu id e 3 Charac teristi cs an d Speci fication s Prod uct Ch arac te risti cs 96 Pro duct Spec ific ati ons a nd Char act eri s tic s 97 This chapter specifies the characte ristics , envir onmental conditio ns, and sp ecifications o f the U27 61A.
96 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 3 Cha r act erist ics a nd S pecifi cations Produ ct Ch aract eri stics RE MOTE I NT ERFA CE • Hi-Spe ed USB 2.0 • US BTM C 488 .
Characteris t ics and Specif icati ons 3 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 97 Prod uc t Spec if ica tio ns an d Ch ar acte ris tic s WAVE F O R M S Standar d Si ne, Squ are, Ra mp, T ria ngle, P ulse, D C B.
98 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 3 Cha r act erist ics a nd S pecifi cations Ra mp , T r ia n gl e Fre quency range 1 μ Hz to 2 00 k Hz (1 μ Hz re solut ion) Linea rity <0.
Characteris t ics and Specif icati ons 3 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 99 COM MO N CHA RAC TERI ST ICS Amplitude Ran ge 40 m Vpp to 5 Vpp ( In to 50 Ω lo ad) 80 mV pp to 10 V pp (In t o open c i rcu it.
100 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 3 Cha r act erist ics a nd S pecifi cations MODULA T ION AM Ca rr ier w av e for m s Si ne , Sq u ar e, R a m p, A rb i tra ry Sou rce Inter nal Interna l mod ulation Si ne, Squ are, Ra mp, A rbi trary (2 mH z to 20 k Hz) Depth 0.
Characteris t ics and Specif icati ons 3 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 101 1 A dd 1/10 th o f o ut put am pl it ud e an d of fs et sp ec ific at ion p e r ° C fo r oper atio n outsi de the ran ge of 18 ° C to 28 °C. 2 DC off set se t to 0 V . 3 Spur ious o ut put at low am pl itu de is –7 0 d Bm , ty pic al.
102 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 3 Cha r act erist ics a nd S pecifi cations.
U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de 103 Inde x A ac cu ra cy 99 Agilent Auto mat ion R ead y-CD 7, 10, 11 Con nec tio n E xper t 1 9 IO Libraries Su ite 14.2 1 0 Me a sur em ent M an a ger 10, 15 , 21, 91 Sal.
104 U2 761 A U ser’ s G ui de L limits am plit ude 27, 33 dut y cy cle 30 fr e q uen cy 38 fu nct ion 27 , 30 offset voltag e 31 output termination 31 units s electi on 32 L-Mou nt ki t 7, 24 O off s et. Ref er to D C off se t. outl ook, p ro duct. Re fer t o pro du ct, ou tloo k.
www .agilent.com © A gilen t T echnolo gi es, Inc ., 200 8 Fir st E dit io n, A pril 30 , 20 08 U2 76 1-90 0 0 0 Conta ct us T o obt a in s ervic e, war ra nty o r te chn ica l sup p ort as si sta nc.
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