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P owerBook U ser’ s G uide for P owerBook computers Includes setup instr uctions and important health-related infor mation .
K Apple Computer , Inc. This manual and the software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual or the software may not be copied, in whole or part, without written consent of Apple, except in the normal use of the software or to make a backup copy of the software.
Contents Radio and television inter ference xiii P reface How to Use This Book xv n P art I Getting Started W ith Y our Computer 1 Chapter 1 Setting Up Y our P owerBook Duo 1 Setting up the computer 2.
n P art II L ear ning Macintosh 27 Chapter 2 W orking on the Desktop 27 Use the trackball 28 P oint 28 Click 29 Press 30 Drag 31 Choose a command 32 Giving orders to your computer 32 Open an icon 33 L.
Chapter 4 Learning More About Y our Computer 65 Open the Batter y desk accessor y 66 Open the P owerBook control panel 66 Use Balloon Help 67 T ur n on Balloon Help 67 T ur n off Balloon Help 68 Using.
Chapter 6 P ower Management 87 P ower sources 87 Monitoring the batter y charge level 88 Using the Batter y desk accessor y 88 Responding to low-power messages 89 Recharging the battery 90 Recharging .
Chapter 8 Organizing Y our Files 117 Straightening up your files 117 Using folders to organize your files 118 Creating and naming folders 118 Filing documents when you save them 119 Making items easie.
Setting the time and date 148 Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go off 149 T ur ning the alarm off 150 Changing time and date formats 150 Changing the date format 151 Changing the time format 152 .
T ur ning on Apple T alk 183 Naming your computer and its owner 184 Gaining access to files on shared disks 185 Before you begin 185 Connecting to a shared disk 185 Disconnecting from a shared disk 18.
Chapter 13 Building a P owerBook Duo System 215 Using the P owerBook Duo Dock 215 Duo Dock features 216 Setting up the Duo Dock 218 Inserting the P owerBook Duo into the Duo Dock 220 T ur ning on the .
Using SC SI disk mode to reinstall system sof tware 263 Drawing batter y power in SC SI disk mode 265 Quitting SC SI disk mode 265 Connecting a modem 266 Connecting a printer 267 Connecting sound inpu.
T roubleshooting 281 The PowerBook Duo 281 The Duo Dock 287 The Duo MiniDock 288 SC SI devices 289 Disk drives and disks 290 Modems 293 Printers 293 Networks 295 Application programs 296 Appendix A K .
xiii S Important: Changes or modifications to this product not authorized by Apple Computer, Inc., could void the FCC Certification and negate your authority to operate the product. This product was tested for FCC compliance under conditions that included the use of shielded cables and connectors between system components.
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How to Use This Book This book has several parts. n Chapter 1 explains how to set up your computer and learn how to use it. n Chapters 2–4 are a tutorial designed for people who have not used a Macintosh computer before. If you are new to the Macintosh, you should read this section of the book before you start your own work.
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Setting Up Y our P owerBook Duo In this chapter n Setting up your computer n Lear ning how to use your computer n T ur ning the computer on and off n Important care and safety instructions n Being comfortable while you work n New Macintosh users: If you have never used a Macintosh computer before, read this entire chapter .
Setting up the computer Step 1: Plug in the power adapter Plugging in the power adapter recharges the computer’s batter y while you work. Y ou should plug it in now in case the batter y has drained during shipping and storage. s W ar ning: Use only the power adapter that came with your P owerBook computer .
Step 2: Open the display n Slide the latch to the right and lif t up the display . P osition the display at a comfortable viewing angle. Y ou can adjust the angle of the display at any time.
Step 3: T urn on the computer n T urn on the computer by pressing the P ower On key above the keyboard. Y ou hear a tone when you tur n on the computer . It takes the computer a moment to start up. When you see the Macintosh desktop on your screen, the computer is ready to use.
T rouble? n The computer made a sound, but you can ’t see anything on the screen. Adjust the brightness and contrast controls until an image appears and the screen is easy to read. (Some models do not have control buttons to manually adjust the contrast.
n Y ou see a blinking question mark icon on the screen. This icon means that you need to install system software on the computer ’s hard disk. System sof tware includes the programs the computer uses to start itself up. Y ou received a set of system software disks in the box with your computer .
Learning the basics The P owerBook comes with a tour and a tutorial to help you start using your computer as quickly as possible. n The Macintosh Basics tour teaches the most basic skills you need to master before you can use your computer .
Starting the tour 1. R oll the trackball to move the arrow pointer around on the screen. Place the index finger of your dominant hand on the trackball and the thumb of the same hand on the lower trackball button.
2. R oll the trackball to move the arrow over the picture labeled “Macintosh HD.” v Different name? The picture on your screen may be labeled “P owerBook HD” instead of “Macintosh HD.” The different name is not important; you can still follow directions in this manual by replacing references to “Macintosh HD” with “P owerBook HD.
4. R oll the trackball to move the arrow over the picture of the folder labeled “Macintosh Basics.” Make sure the tip of the arrow is over the picture, not over the words “Macintosh Basics.” The items in the illustration below may not exactly match those on your screen.
7. Press the trackball button twice in quick succession. Now your screen should look like the following picture: If you don ’t see this screen, tr y again, paying special attention to the following: n Make sure the tip of the arrow is touching the picture, not the words beneath it.
T urning the P owerBook on and off Y our PowerBook can be in one of three power states: off , sleep, or on. Off When the P owerBook is off, the computer is not using any power or doing any work.
Sleep When the P owerBook is in sleep, it draws enough power to maintain the infor mation in its memor y (including any open programs and documents). The computer is on, but almost completely inactive.
On When the P owerBook is on, you can do your work. T o turn the P owerBook Duo on n If the computer is off, press the P ower On key . n If the computer is in sleep, press any key on the k eyboard (except Caps Lock). Y ou can also press the P ower On key to wake the computer .
Chapter 1: Setting Up Your PowerBook Duo 15 When you turn on your computer When you turn on your PowerBook, the computer looks on the hard disk inside the computer for the system software it uses to start itself up. (A disk that contains the system software is called a startup disk.
Restarting a computer that’s already on Y ou need to restart your computer—tur n it off and back on again immediately—when you want to make certain changes to your control panels, use a newly installed system software file, or start up the computer from a different disk.
n Press the power button, wait a second, and then press it again. This procedure also has the effect of turning the computer off and back on. T ur ning the computer off with the power button removes a RAM disk and its contents. n If you have a floppy disk drive, restart from a floppy disk.
Important care and safety instr uctions F or your own safety and that of your equipment, read and follow all the instructions in this section. Keep these instr uctions available for reference by you and others. ± W arning m Electrical equipment may be hazardous if misused.
s Caution m If you have a problem with your computer and nothing presented in the manuals that came with the computer solves the problem, take the computer to your Apple-authorized dealer or service provider . Attempting to repair the computer yourself may void the Limited W ar ranty.
m Do not use the computer in wet or dusty environments. m Keep dirt and liquids away from the ports on the back panel, the keyboard, and the trackball. If you spill any food or liquid onto the computer , shut it down immediately and unplug it before cleaning up the spill.
Health-related information about computer use Muscle soreness, eye fatigue, and other discomforts and injuries sometimes associated with using computers can occur from perfor ming any number of activities. In fact, misuse of the same muscles during multiple activities can create a problem that might not otherwise exist.
This section offers advice on setting up your work area to enhance your comfort while you use your computer . Since the effects of repetitive movements associated with using a computer can be compound.
Keyboard and trackball n When you use the keyboard and trackball, your shoulders should be relaxed. Y our upper ar m and forearm should for m an approximate right angle, with your wrist and hand in roughly a straight line. n Y ou may have to raise your chair so your forear ms and hands are at the proper angle to the keyboard.
n If you prefer , you can adjust the angle of the keyboard by rotating the elevation feet at both ends of the back panel until they snap into position. The back of the keyboard is slightly elevated when the feet are in use. Otherwise, the keyboard is level.
External monitor If you use an external monitor , this suggestion may be helpful. n If possible, arrange the monitor so the top of the screen is slightly below your eye level when you’re sitting at the keyboard. The best distance from your eyes to the screen is up to you, although most people seem to prefer 18 to 28 inches (45 to 70 cm).
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W orking on the Desktop In this chapter Review basic trackball skills: n Moving the pointer n Choosing a command n Opening an icon n Looking at the contents of a window And learn: n How to close a win.
Use the trackball Y our computer has a two-button trackball. Y ou use the ball itself to control the movements of a pointer on the screen. The pointer you’ll see most often is an ar row ( 8 ). Y ou use the buttons to initiate actions that you want the computer to perfor m.
Click Y ou click an object on the screen by pressing and quickly releasing a trackball button while the pointer is over that object. Practice clicking different objects on the Macintosh desktop, such as the startup hard disk icon near the upper -right corner and the T rash icon near the lower-right corner .
P ress Y ou press by holding down a trackball button without moving the trackball. Practice pressing the menu names and icons in the menu bar— start with the Apple ( K ) menu icon at the left side, through the menu names, and across to the Help and Application menu icons at the right side.
Drag Y ou drag an object on the screen by pointing to that object and holding down a trackball button while you roll the trackball. Practice dragging the startup hard disk icon and the T rash icon around the Macintosh desktop. When you drag an icon, an outline of the icon follows the pointer on the screen.
Choose a command Choosing a command involves using a combination of the trackball actions you’ve reviewed. 1. P oint to the Special menu title in the menu bar . 2. Press to pull down the Special menu. 3. Drag to the first item in the menu (the Clean Up Desktop command) so it becomes highlighted, and then release the trackball button.
Open an icon Opening an icon is your first exercise in telling the computer what you want it to do. 1. Click the startup hard disk icon to select it. The icon is in the upper -right cor ner of the screen. Unless someone has changed its name, the icon is called “Macintosh HD” (or “P owerBook HD”).
Look at the contents of a window Ever y window has several features that help you view the window’s contents. But before you can work with the contents of a window , you need to make that window the active window .
4. Drag to the Open command so it becomes highlighted, and then release the trackball button. When you choose the Open command, the T rash icon opens into a window (the T rash window). The T rash icon becomes filled in with a pattern of dots, indicating that it has been opened.
5. Click anywhere in the Macintosh HD window to make it the active window . Notice that the solid lines now appear at the top of the Macintosh HD window . ( The area containing the window title and the solid lines is called the title bar .) When windows overlap, the active window is the one that’s on top.
2. Drag the size box in any direction, and then release the trackball button . While you drag, an outline follows the pointer to indicate the window’s new size. The new size takes effect when you release the trackball button. 3. Click the zoom box near the right end of the title bar .
Move the hidden contents of a window into view As you work with your computer , you’ll encounter windows containing more than you can view on the screen at one time. Y ou can view contents that are out of sight, as described in the following steps. 1.
6. Drag the size box diagonally (up and to the lef t) to make the window about half its current size, and then release the trackball button. The bars across the bottom and along the right side of the System F older window should now be gray , indicating that the window has contents that are not currently visible.
9. Drag the scroll box toward the middle of the horizontal scroll bar , and then release the trackball button . Now you see the icons near the middle of the window . The vertical scroll bar , scroll box, and scroll ar rows work the same way . T r y them.
Move a window Y ou can move a window anywhere on the screen by dragging its title bar . By changing the position and size of windows, you can arrange your Macintosh desktop in whatever way is best for you. 1. P oint to the title bar of the (active) Macintosh HD window .
The window closes, and the Macintosh HD icon reappears in its previous form. The T rash window (the remaining window on the Macintosh desktop) becomes the active window .
Different types of icons represent different types of containers. Hard disks and floppy disks are like filing cabinets. Y ou use disks to store files —your programs and the documents you create with them. Shared disks are like filing cabinets containing office supplies or information that you share with others in your work group.
Documents are files containing words, pictures, numbers, sounds —whatever you create with your programs. The T rash is a container for files that you no longer want. Windows let you see what’s inside containers Windows let you see what’s inside all these containers.
Using the keyboar d Y ou use the keyboard to type text and numbers, just as you would on a typewriter . (F or touch typists, your keyboard has raised dots in the middle of the D key and the K k ey to help position your fingers on the home row .
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47 Creating and Changing a Document In this chapter n How to open a program n How to use a program to create a document n Why it’s important to save your work, and how to save it n How to switch bet.
Open a program Y our computer comes with a simple word-processing program called T eachT ext. Y ou’re going to use this program to create a document. 1. Open the Macintosh HD (or P owerBook HD) icon . (Click the icon to select it, and then choose Open from the File menu.
Create a document The untitled window is like a blank sheet of paper . In the upper -left cor ner of the empty document is a blinking vertical line ( 9 ). This line is called the insertion point, because it marks the place where the text you type will be inserted.
50 Chapter 3: Creating and Changing a Document 2. T ype “Opening Lines”. Because the word “Untitled” is selected (highlighted) when the dialog box appears, all you have to do to name your document is start typing. Whatever you type replaces the selected text.
2. Make the Finder the active program by clicking the Macintosh HD icon , or clicking anywher e on the desktop outside the Opening Lines window . The Finder becomes the active program. Notice: n The Macintosh HD window appears on top of the Opening Lines window .
Y ou choose Finder by pointing to the Application menu icon, pressing to pull down the menu, dragging to highlight the name Finder , and then releasing the trackball button. The Finder becomes the active program, and the Macintosh HD window becomes the active window .
Open a document When you open a document, the program you used to create that document becomes the active program. 1. If you closed the Macintosh HD window, open the Macintosh HD icon now . (Click the icon to select it, and then choose Open from the File menu.
2. Open the Opening Lines icon by double-clicking it. T o double-click an icon, you click it twice in rapid succession without moving the pointer . (Use the trackball to position the pointer over the icon, and then click one of the trackball buttons twice.
3. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate lef t of the word “people” (af ter “ All”). 4. Drag horizontally , selecting the word “people”, and then release the trackball button. T o drag, hold the trackball button down while you roll the trackball.
Now you’ll rearrange some text. 9. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate lef t of the word “they” (af ter “conscience,”). 10. Drag horizontally , selecting the word “they”, and then release the trackball button. 11. W ith “they” selected, choose Cut from the Edit menu.
15. Press the space bar once, type “are”, and then pr ess the space bar once again . 16. Move the I-beam pointer between the letters t and h in the word “they”. 17. Click the trackball button to place the insertion point. 18. Press the Delete key once and then type a capital T .
Make more changes The changes you’ve made so far are now part of the document that’s stored on your hard disk. 1. Move the I-beam pointer ( 9 ) between the letters E and n in the word “Endowed”. 2. Click once to place the insertion point. 3. Press the Delete key once and then type a lowercase e .
5. Press the Delete key once, pr ess the space bar once, and then type “and”. 6. Move the I-beam pointer to the immediate lef t of “each other ”. 7. Click the trackball button once. Clicking moves the insertion point to the place where you positioned the I-beam.
11. Select the word “togetherness” by double-clicking it. T o select a word by double-clicking it, position the I-beam pointer over the word and then click twice in rapid succession, without moving the pointer . 12. W ith “together ness” selected, type “brotherhood”.
Make a copy of a document Y ou’ll of ten want to mak e a copy of a document so you can preserve the original and modif y the copy . T o practice making a copy of a document, you’ll use the “Opening Lines” document you created. 1. If you closed the Macintosh HD window, open the Macintosh HD icon now .
3. Choose Duplicate from the File menu. A new icon, labeled “Opening Lines copy ”, appears in the hard disk window . Notice that the icon is selected. Other ways to make a copy of a file are outlined in the summary chapter in the reference section of this book.
3. W ith the name selected, type “ Article 1”. Whatever you type replaces the selected text. 4. Press the R eturn key . Pressing Return saves the new name. Now you have two identical documents with different names. Y ou can revise one without changing the other .
2. Drag the Article 1 icon to the T rash icon until both icons are highlighted, and then r elease the trackball button. If the Macintosh HD window is blocking the T rash icon, move the window by dragging its title bar . Both icons are highlighted when the tip of the arrow pointer reaches the T rash icon.
65 Chapter 4 L ear ning More About Y our P owerBook In this chapter n How to open the Batter y desk accessor y n How to open the P owerBook control panel n How to use the Balloon Help system n How to use floppy disks n Where to look for information about your computer and its software Before you begin Make sure that your computer is on.
Open the Batter y desk accessor y The Batter y desk accessor y tells you approximately how much power is left in the batter y as you use the computer . T o open the Batter y desk accessor y: n Choose Batter y from the Apple ( K ) menu. Y ou can leave the Batter y desk accessor y open to keep track of the batter y charge while you work.
2. Open the P owerBook icon . (Click the icon once to select it, then choose Open from the File menu. Or double-click the icon.) The P owerBook control panel appears in Easy V iew .
4. T o show a balloon describing your startup hard disk, point to the hard disk icon. A balloon appears next to the icon. Balloons do not affect how you work with your computer . Y ou still select icons, choose commands, and so on. 5. Click your hard disk icon to select it.
Using floppy disks Y our computer does not have a floppy disk drive built in, but you can connect it to a floppy disk drive. (F or instr uctions, go to the chapter on expanding your computer system.) When you connect your computer to a floppy disk drive, you can use two types of 3.
Floppy disks and har d disks Both floppy disks and hard disks function like filing cabinets: you use them to store information. Y ou can store much more on a hard disk than on a floppy disk, however , and the computer can retrieve information from a hard disk much faster .
Inserting a floppy disk 1. Hold the disk with your thumb on the label and the metal shutter pointing away from you. 2. Push the disk into the floppy disk drive, label side up and metal shutter first. F or instr uctions on preparing a disk for use (called initializing) and more information on disks, go to the chapter on using disks.
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Setting Up Y our Programs In this chapter m Installing or updating system software m Installing your programs m W orking with several programs at a time m Using the Scrapbook m Using a RAM disk Instal.
Before you install Y ou use the Installer program to install, reinstall, or update system software on a startup disk. S Important: Before you install a new version of system software, make a backup co.
4. Click OK. The Easy Install dialog box appears. 5. Make sure that the har d disk named in the box is the one you want to install system sof tware on. If it isn ’t, click the Switch Disk button until the cor rect disk name appears. 6. Click Install.
Installing customized system software Custom installation allows you to select a combination of system files for your specific needs. Y ou can also use custom installation to install or update a single file, or to save space on your hard disk by installing only the files you want.
S Important: Be sure to install the files that your P owerBook uses to communicate with the printer , network, and other equipment it is connected to. S 8. Click Install. 9. F ollow the instr uctions that appear on the screen. If you are installing from floppy disks, you may see messages asking you to insert different disks.
Installing your programs Most application programs come on floppy disks, and you install them by simply copying them from the floppy disks to your hard disk. Some programs need to be installed in a particular way . If your program came with specific instructions, follow them.
Checking for computer vir uses Vir uses —programs that damage files or erase disks — can be introduced into your computer from a floppy disk, from a shared disk on a network, or from an electronic bulletin board service. Programs that detect and eliminate viruses are available from user groups, bulletin boards, and dealers.
W orking with several programs at a time Y ou can open as many programs and desk accessories as your computer ’s memor y allows. All open programs are listed in the Application menu at the right end of the menu bar .
Changing the amount of memor y a program uses Each program you open sets aside the amount of memor y it needs. (If you don ’t have enough memor y to open a program, you need to quit one of the programs already open to free up some memor y .) On occasion you may want to increase or decrease the amount of memor y a program uses.
Using the Scrapbook Y ou can use the Scrapbook to store text, graphics, sounds, and other elements that you frequently include in your documents. Storing items in the Scrapbook: 1. In your document, select the text or other element that you want to store in the Scrapbook.
Using a R AM disk A RAM disk is a portion of your computer ’s memor y that you set aside for use as a temporar y storage device. Using a RAM disk conserves power because the computer uses less energy to access RAM than to access a hard disk or a floppy disk.
5. Choose Restart from the Special menu. A RAM disk icon appears on the desktop when the computer restarts. 6. Drag the items you want to the R AM disk icon . Erasing a R AM disk There are two ways to erase the contents of a RAM disk. They do not remove the RAM disk itself or make more memor y available for opening programs.
Making a R AM disk the startup disk If you have 6 MB or more of memor y , you can make a RAM disk your startup disk. 1. Create a R AM disk. 2. L ocate and open the Installer program on the Install Me First disk. 3. Install a minimal System F older on the R AM disk.
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P ower Management In this chapter n Checking the batter y level n Responding to low-power messages n Recharging the battery n Removing or replacing the batter y n Maximizing batter y life n Getting the most work time out of the batter y P ower sources Y our computer can draw its operating power from two different sources.
Monitoring the batter y charge level The main batter y provides power for up to 6 hours of work (the exact time depends on how often you use the hard disk, how bright the screen is, and other factors). Use the Batter y desk accessor y to monitor the charge level of the batter y so you can recharge it when necessary.
When you click the lever to the right of the batter y gauge, a Sleep button appears. Y ou may sometimes find it convenient to put the computer to sleep by clicking this button, instead of choosing the Sleep command.
The second message is followed by a third and final message indicating that the computer is about to put itself to sleep. When time is up, the computer goes to sleep automatically to protect the contents of RAM. Some functions (such as modem connections) are interr upted when the computer goes to sleep.
Y ou can continue to use the computer while the batter y is recharging. Using the computer does not affect the amount of time it takes the battery to recharge.
T o recharge a battery, follow these steps. 1. Place the recharger on a level surface. 2. Connect the recharger and the power adapter as shown in the illustration . 3. Place the batter y in the r echarger as shown . Recharging begins immediately . Y ou can remove a batter y from the recharger at any time.
Recharging in both the computer and a recharger Y ou can use a single power adapter to r un both the P owerBook Duo and the batter y recharger at the same time. If the P owerBook is on and contains a batter y that is not fully charged, the computer char ges the internal batter y first.
Removing or replacing the batter y n If the power adapter is plugged in: Y ou can use the computer indefinitely without a batter y as long as the power adapter is plugged in.
6. Close the batter y door by pushing it back into place. S Important: Check to mak e sure the batter y is properly inserted (the batter y should be aligned with the computer and the batter y door completely closed). If a batter y is not inserted correctly, you may have perfor mance problems.
Disposing of dead batteries S Important: Nick el-metal-hydride batteries contain metals that can be reclaimed and reused. Instead of throwing away dead batteries, please dispose of them as described here.
Reconditioning the batter y If you have a P owerBook Duo 270c, you can extend your batter y ’s life by reconditioning your batter y once ever y 30 days using Batter y Reconditioning, which is on the system sof tware disk labeled Disk T ools. S Important: The Battery Reconditioning application takes 2 hours to use.
If 30 days have not passed since the last time you reconditioned, the following appears on the screen. Click Quit to exit the Batter y Reconditioning application. If more than 30 days have passed since your last reconditioning, the following message appears: 6.
Maximizing work time Y our PowerBook’s batter y can provide from 2 to 6 hours of work time before you need to recharge it. The actual work time available depends on what equipment you’re using with your computer and what steps you take to conserve power while you work.
Adjusting the batter y conser vation settings The P owerBook control panel gives you several ways to regulate your computer ’s power consumption. The easiest approach Just use the Batter y Conser vation slider to choose the setting you prefer . 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu, and open the P owerBook control panel.
More about automatic sleep and screen dimming The Batter y Conser vation slider controls three different power conservation features: system sleep, hard disk sleep and screen dimming. n System sleep is a state in which your computer uses only the power it needs to maintain the contents of RAM.
102 Chapter 6: Power Management Batter y Conser vation settings Y ou can set the batter y conser vation slider between better conservation and better per for mance just as you did in the P owerBook control panel’s Easy view .
Y ou may notice other effects of processor cycling. F or example, if you have open programs doing something in the background, processor cycling may slow those programs down. Y ou may also notice that the Alarm Clock is updated ir regularly or that the wristwatch pointer appears more often.
P ower Conser vation Y our PowerBook k eeps track of what power source you are using and can change the settings to maximize batter y conser vation and perfor mance depending on whether you are using a batter y or a power adapter .
Using Disks In this chapter n Preparing a new disk for use n Erasing a disk n Choosing a startup disk n Protecting the information on a disk n If you can ’t save files on a floppy disk n Ejecting a .
1. Insert Disk T ools and turn on your computer . 2. L ocate the Apple HD SC Setup icon and open it. The name of the hard disk currently selected is shown as the “volume name.” The SC SI ID number of the selected hard disk is displayed above the Drive button.
Initializing a floppy disk Initializing a new floppy disk prepares the disk to store information. 1. Insert a new floppy disk into your floppy disk drive. If you inserted a high-density disk (1.4 MB), this message appears: If you inserted a double-sided (800K) disk, this message appears: 2.
Erasing a floppy disk Erasing a disk actually reinitializes it. s W ar ning: When you erase a disk, you lose any information that was on the disk. s 1. Click the icon of the disk you want to erase. 2. Choose Erase Disk from the Special menu. A message appears.
Scanning order for startup disks When you turn on your computer , it looks for a startup disk (a disk containing a System Folder) in the following sequence: 1. inter nal floppy disk drive (if any) 2. exter nal floppy disk drive (if any) 3. disk (or RAM disk) selected in the Startup Disk control panel 4.
Locking a file Y ou use the Get Info command to lock a document or a program. Locking a program may affect its operation. 1. Click the icon of the file you want to lock. 2. Choose Get Info from the File menu. 3. In the Info window, click the Locked box in the lower-left cor ner .
Chapter 7: Using Disks 111 Backing up your files Making backup copies of important files is good protection against possible damage to the originals. n Y ou can back up files stored on your hard disk by copying them onto floppy disks. n Y ou can back up an entire floppy disk by copying it to another floppy disk, or to a hard disk.
Ejecting a disk Y ou can eject a floppy disk by doing any of the following: n Click the disk icon to select it and choose Put Away from the File menu. The disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop. n Drag the disk icon to the T rash. The disk is ejected and its icon disappears from the desktop.
Caring for disks F or infor mation on floppy disk care, see the section on working with disks in Part II of this book, or consult the instructions that came with your floppy disks. Hard disk precautions Hard disk drives are delicate mechanisms and should be handled with care.
n If the hard disk is external, make sure it is turned on and its cable is connected firmly; then restart the P owerBook. n Check the ID numbers of all SC SI equipment connected to your computer . Each device must have a unique ID number (the computer itself has the ID number 7, and the internal hard disk has the number 0).
3. Click the Drive button until the name of the disk you want to test appears. Click the Eject button if you want to insert a different floppy disk. 4. Click Open. 5. Choose Repair A utomatically from the Options menu. 6. Click the Start button to begin testing the disk.
T esting a hard disk Y ou can test a hard disk with the Apple HD S C Setup program, which is on the system software disk labeled Disk T ools. 1. Insert Disk T ools in the floppy disk drive and start up your computer . 2. Open the Apple HD SC Setup icon .
Or ganizing Y our F iles In this chapter m Straightening up your files m Using folders to organize your files m Filing documents when you save them m Making items easier to find m Finding an item m Cr.
Using folders to organize your files Macintosh folders, like the paper folders in a file cabinet, can be used to store and organize your work. Y ou can place one folder inside another to create a hierarchy of files. Creating and naming folders Y ou can create a new folder whenever the Finder is the active program.
Filing documents when you save them The first time you save a document (or whenever you choose Save As to create another version of that document), a director y dialog box appears. A director y is the list of files and folders contained in a folder or on a disk.
Making items easier to find Y our PowerBook provides several ways to mak e a file, folder , or other item easy to find and open. Y ou can m create aliases for the item and put the aliases in convenien.
Locating the original of an alias An alias’s Info window shows the location of the original. 1. Select the alias whose original you want to find. 2. Choose Get Info from the File menu. 3. Click the Find Original button . The window containing the original item opens.
Finding an item When the Finder is the active program, you can use the F ind command in the File menu to find any item on any disk connected to your computer . ( The Find command cannot locate items inside the System file. Y ou need to open the System file to see its contents.
Finding an item using other criteria Y ou can use the Find command to find items by size, label, date, or other characteristics. 1. Choose Find from the File menu. 2. If you see a button labeled More Choices, click the button. The dialog box that appears lets you select search characteristics using pop-up menus.
6. Choose a search location from the pop-up menu labeled Search. 7. If you want all items displayed at once, click the checkbox labeled “all at once.” 8. Click the Find button when you ’ve finished selecting options. The first matching item is shown highlighted in a Finder window .
Finding items that meet two criteria Y ou can locate items that meet two sets of criteria, such as all items created before a certain date and larger than a certain size. 1. Choose the first criterion . 2. Click the “all at once” box so that an X appears.
Creating a template or stationer y Most documents can be saved as or converted into a stationer y pad, which is a template form of the document. The template retains its format and content, and you can use it repeatedly as a master for similar documents with different content.
4. Close the Info window . The document icon now appears as a stationer y pad icon. When you open a stationer y pad, an untitled window appears showing the contents of the stationer y , or a dialog box appears asking you to name the new document. If you want to change the stationer y pad itself you must first tur n it back into a regular document.
Using the V iew menu Y ou can use the V iew menu to display the contents of a window by icon or small icon, or you can list items according to various characteristics such as name, size, or kind. ( Y ou can use the Views control panel to change how files are listed and what information is included in the list.
T ips on transferring files Y ou can transfer files from your computer ’s inter nal hard disk in the following ways: m Over a network Y ou can connect your computer to a network and transfer files over the network. F or infor mation, see the networking chapter .
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Sound, Color , and V ideo In this chapter m Setting the beep sound m Installing a sound m Removing a sound m Recording sounds m Displaying colors or grays m Changing the highlight color m Changing the.
3. Click the beep sound that you want your computer to use. When you click a sound to select it, it’s played at the current volume setting. 4. Drag the slider up or down to set the volume. If you set the volume to zero, instead of hearing a beep, you’ll see the menu bar flash.
Removing a sound Y ou can remove sounds in the Sound control panel. Make sure you have a backup copy of the sounds on floppy disk. ( T o copy a sound, you can open the System file to see its icon.) 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu. 2.
5. Click the Add button . 6. Get ready to r ecord, then click the R ecord button. Recording begins immediately . Y ou have ten seconds to record your sound. There is no volume control. 7. Click Stop to stop recor ding. 8. T o listen to the sound you recorded, click Play .
Displaying colors or grays Y ou can designate how many colors or shades of gray you want your monitor to display . (How many colors or grays your computer can display depends on the video capability it has. See the technical specifications of your computer for more information.
Changing the highlight color or gray Y ou can change the color or shade of gray your computer uses to highlight selected text on the screen. Y ou make this adjustment in the Color control panel. Y ou can also use the Color control panel to change the color of window borders.
3. T o change the brightness of the color wheel, drag the scroll box up or down . 4. Click a color on the color wheel to select it. The new color is displayed in the top half of the square. The current color remains in the bottom half of the square for comparison; you can click there to go back to it.
Changing the background pattern Y ou can change the background patter n that appears on your computer screen in the General Controls panel. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the General Controls panel.
4. T o edit a patter n , click in the pattern editing area to the lef t of the sample patter n. Each dot in the square changes color when you click it. Y our changes are displayed in the sample pattern. 5. T o use another color , click it in the color bar , then click the dots you want to change.
Changing the colors in the Label menu Y ou can change the colors or shades of gray (as well as the labels) in the L abel menu. Y ou make these changes in the Labels control panel. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple menu ( K ) and open the L abels control panel.
3. Click a color on the color wheel to select it. The new color is displayed in the top half of the square. The current color remains in the bottom half of the square for comparison; you can click there to go back to it. 4. T o experiment with other colors, drag the pointer around the wheel or click at another point on the wheel.
2. Check the ID numbers of your monitors by clicking the Identify button . A large number appears in the center of each monitor’s screen; it corresponds to the number of the icon in the control panel. The ID numbers help you identify which icon represents which monitor .
Magnifying the screen image The Close V iew control panel lets you magnif y the image on your computer screen up to sixteen times. It is supplied as part of your system sof tware. Close V iew is not automatically installed by the Installer program when you install system sof tware.
T o tur n the magnification on or off, press x –Option–X. ( When Close V iew is on and the magnification is off , a rectangle on the screen indicates which area will be magnified. Y ou can move the rectangle by moving the pointer .) T o increase or decrease magnification, press x –Option–Up Ar row or x –Option–Down Ar row .
Adapting Y our Computer to Y our Own Use In this chapter n Specifying which items you want opened at startup n Installing an item in the Apple menu n Installing files in the System F older n Changing .
Specifying which items you want opened at startup T o have a program or a document open automatically when you start up your computer , drag its icon or its alias to the Startup Items folder , which is inside the System F older . Programs or documents that you put in the Startup Items folder are opened when you start up your computer .
Most special files are stored in folders inside the System F older . When you drag a file’s icon to the System F older icon, your computer recognizes which type of file it is and stores the file in the appropriate folder .
Changing the items in the Label menu Y ou can change the labels (as well as the colors) in the L abel menu. Y ou make these changes in the Labels control panel. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the L abels control panel. 2.
Y ou can also set the time and date using the General Controls panel or the Alarm Clock. Setting a time for the Alarm Clock to go off Y ou can set the Alar m Clock to alert you when it’s time for an appointment or a meeting. 1. Choose Alar m Clock from the Apple ( K ) menu.
3. Click the alarm clock icon in the lower-right cor ner to select it. The alarm clock icon becomes highlighted when you select it. The time that appears in the middle section is the current alarm clock setting. 4. Click the hours, minutes, or seconds in the alar m clock setting to select them.
Changing the date format 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the Date & T ime control panel. 2. In the Date & T ime control panel, click Date Formats. 3. In the dialog box that appears, make the changes you want. A sample of the format you choose appears at the bottom of the dialog box.
Changing the time format 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the Date & T ime control panel. 2. In the Date & T ime control panel, click T ime F or mats. 3. Make the changes you want. A sample of the format you choose appears at the bottom of the dialog box.
Changing number and currency formats Y ou can choose among several for mats for displaying numbers and currency. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the Numbers control panel. 2. Make the changes that you want. 3. Close the control panel.
Adjusting the way the trackball or mouse works Y ou can adjust two aspects of trackball or mouse operation in the Mouse control panel: tracking, which is the relation between trackball or mouse movement and pointer movement on the screen, and double-clicking speed.
Adjusting the way the keyboard works Y ou can adjust the rate at which a character repeats when its key is held down as well as the delay before the character begins repeating. Y ou can also change the keyboard layout if you have additional keyboard layouts installed.
Making keyboard shortcuts easier to type With the system software feature called Sticky Keys, you can type keyboard shortcuts (such as x -S for the Save command) without actually pressing the keys simultaneously . n T o tur n Sticky Keys on or off, press the Shif t key five times without moving the mouse.
Adjusting the blinking of a menu item Y ou can change the number of times a menu item blinks when it’s chosen. Y ou make this adjustment in the General Controls panel. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the General Controls panel.
Changing the way the contents of windows appear Y ou can change the way the contents of Finder windows are displayed, and you can change the items in the View menu. Y ou make these changes in the Views control panel. Choose Control Panels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the Views control panel.
Changing an icon Y ou can change an icon by creating or copying a picture you want and then pasting it into an icon ’s Info window . Some icons can ’t be changed, including those for control panels and other parts of the system software. Ever y icon fits inside a small square.
160 Chapter 10: Adapting Your Computer to Your Own Use 6. Choose P aste from the Edit menu. The picture you copied replaces the selected icon in the Info window . If the picture is bigger than the icon, it automatically shrinks to fit. 7. Close the Info window .
Managing memor y Occasionally you may need to make adjustments in how your P owerBook uses its random-access memor y (RAM) in order to work efficiently with large programs or with several programs at once.
n Reducing the size of the disk cache makes more memory available. (See the disk cache section in this chapter .) n Reducing the amount of memor y a program uses may allow you to open more programs at once (see the chapter on setting up your programs).
Using hard disk space as memor y Y our computer can use space on a hard disk to increase the memor y available for opening programs. The disk space, called virtual memor y , is not available for storing files.
5. Choose Restart from the Special menu. After you restart, your computer ’s total memor y includes the virtual memor y you set aside on the hard disk.
Printing In this chapter n Before you print n Printing your work n Controlling background printing n W orking with fonts Before you print Before you can print, your computer must be connected to a printer , either directly or over a network.
If your printer is connected directly to your computer Make sure you’ve connected the printer according to the instructions that came with it. 1. Choose Chooser from the Apple ( K ) menu.
1. Choose Chooser from the Apple ( K ) menu. 2. Click the Active button next to the word “ Apple T alk.” If Active wasn ’t already selected, a message appears. Click OK. 3. Click the icon of the printer you want to use. v If your printer ’s icon does not appear in the Chooser: The printer sof tware is not in your System F older .
Selecting P age Setup options Y ou use the Page Setup dialog box when you’ve selected a new printer in the Chooser , or when you want to use a different paper size or printing options. n Choose Page Setup from the File menu and select the options you want.
Updating printer software on networked computers All computers that share printers on a network must have the same version of the printer software. The printer restarts itself each time a different version is used (which takes time and clears any fonts from its temporar y memor y).
If you want to update the printer software that is already installed on your disk, go to step 5. When you click Customize, the custom installation dialog box shows a list of printer software. 5. Click Install. 6. When you see a message reporting that installation was successful, click Restart.
v Printing color or gray-scale documents: Y ou can print color or gray-scale documents on any color printer that can use the L aserW riter printer software. If you print a color document on a black-and-white printer , the document is produced as a halftone (that is, it is composed of patter ns of dots).
Solutions to common printing problems If nothing happens or if you see an error message when you tr y to print, tr y the following: n Make sure that the printer is turned on and warmed up. n Check the cable connections to the printer . n If your printer is an Image W riter , make sure that the Select light is on.
Controlling background printing If you are using a L aserW riter or Style W riter printer and the background printing option is turned on in the Chooser , you can continue to work while your documents are printing. Y ou don ’t need to do anything once background printing is turned on.
W orking with fonts A font is a collection of letters, numbers, and symbols in a distinctive typographic design. Several fonts come with your computer ’s system sof tware. They are stored in the F onts folder (inside the System F older on your startup disk).
Bitmap fonts (also called fixed-size fonts) appear only in certain sizes, because each character is a grid of black-and-white dots (called a bitmap), which is a rendering of the character ’s shape in a specific size.
Removing fonts 1. Quit all open programs. 2. Open the System folder on your startup disk. 3. L ocate the F onts folder and open it. The F onts folder contains font files (for individual fonts) and font suitcases (for font families).
2. Choose Download F onts from the File menu. 3. If the font you want to download is not listed, click the Add button to add fonts to the list. Use the director y dialog box that appears to locate the fonts you want. 4. In the directory dialog box, locate your font, click its name, and then click Add.
Finding out about available fonts Many programs have a F ont menu that lists the fonts installed in your system, though some programs do not list them all. Y ou can open the F onts folder , inside the System Folder , to see all the fonts stored there.
Restarting a LaserW riter printer Restarting the printer clears its memor y , removing the fonts stored there. 1. Open the L aserW riter F ont Utility icon .
T ransferring a PostScript file to a LaserW riter Y ou can use the L aserW riter F ont Utility to send a file in PostScript format to a L aserW riter printer . 1. Open the L aserW riter F ont Utility icon . 2. Choose Download P ostScript File from the Utilities menu.
Using Y our Computer on a Network In this chapter n What networking offers n Setting up your P owerBook on a network n Gaining access to files on shared disks n W orking with files and folders on othe.
Y ou can designate specific folders and hard disks on your computer as “shared files” that other people can gain access to. n Print documents on network printers. n Link your programs to programs on other computers. Y ou can link your programs in order to share features between those programs.
Connecting to a network Y our computer has built-in Apple T alk networking sof tware. This software directly supports the L ocalT alk cables you need to connect your computer to the network. (If your computer has the appropriate port or expansion card, Apple T alk also supports Ethernet and T oken Ring cables.
3. Close the Chooser . When Apple T alk is active, PowerBook computers go to sleep automatically only when they run out of batter y power , or when the power adapter is plugged in and the P owerBook is not connected to any shared disks on the network.
Gaining access to files on shared disks Y ou can retrieve and store infor mation on other computers connected to your network. F or example, a colleague can place some files for you on a shared disk called a file ser ver— a computer dedicated to storing shared files.
v If the AppleShare icon does not appear: Make sure that Apple T alk is active in the Chooser . Make sure that the AppleShare file is in the Extensions folder in your System F older , and restart your computer . If that doesn ’t work, use the Installer to install the Apple T alk sof tware.
10. Click OK. If your password is not accepted: Make sure that Caps Lock is not on. T ype your password again, taking care not to mak e typing errors. If it’s still not accepted, ask the computer ’s owner for help. 11. Click the name of a shared disk to select it.
Connecting quickly to a shared disk By making an alias for a shared disk, you can connect to that disk by simply opening the alias. 1. Connect to a shared disk. See the section on connecting to a shared disk in this chapter . 2. Select the shared disk icon.
3. If you ’re connecting as a r egister ed user , click the button that indicates whether you want to save your name only , or both your name and your password. F or more security , click “Save My Name Only.” When you start up your computer , you’ll need to enter your password to connect to the shared disk.
W orking with files and folders on other computers Once you are connected to a shared disk, you can use the files and folders on it as if they were on your own computer . Y ou may not be able to open some items on a shared disk if the owner has restricted access to those items.
3. T ype your current password. Then pr ess T ab and type a new password. A bullet ( • ) appears for each letter you type. 4. Click OK. 5. Click OK in the dialog box that appears. 6. Retype your new passwor d and click OK. Y our new password is now in effect.
Sharing your own files Y ou can share files stored on your computer with others on the network. For example, members of your work group can connect to your computer and open a file from their own computers.
3. Close the Sharing Setup control panel. If you want to give ever yone on the network access to the items you share, continue with the next section, “T ur ning On Guest Access.” T urning on guest access If you want all users connected to the network to have access to your shared folders and disks, you need to turn on guest access.
Selecting a folder or disk to share Y ou can share any folder , hard disk, or CD -ROM disc connected to your computer . ( Y ou cannot share floppy disks.) Y ou can share up to ten folders or disks at a time. ( This number does not include folders within the folders or disks you share.
S Important: Before you put programs inside shared folders or disks, remember that copyright laws may prevent those programs from being shared. Check the applicable licensing agreements and follow their specifications. S T aking back a shared folder or disk Any shared folder or disk can be made private again.
3. T ype the name of a person you want to register . Make sure you notify the person of the name you type. (Capitalization does not have to match.) 4. T o register more users, r epeat steps 2 and 3. T o assign passwords or to name groups of users, continue with the next two sections.
Naming a group of users Y ou can name several registered users as a registered group. 1. Open the Users & Groups control panel and choose New Group from the File menu. An icon labeled New Group appears. The name is selected for editing. 2. T ype a name for the group.
n T o see all the groups that a user belongs to, open the user ’s member icon or user icon . Selecting a user or group to share a folder or disk Y ou can give one registered user or group exclusive access to a shared folder or disk on your computer .
Chapter 12: Using Your Computer on a Network 199 5. T o share the item with only the user or group you ’ve chosen, click the bottom row of checkboxes (next to Everyone) to remove the X from each box. 6. Close the window and click Save in the dialog box.
2. T o deny access to a specific user , open the user icon . T o deny access to guests, open the <Guest> icon . 3. If an X appears in the “ Allow to connect” checkbox, click to remove the X (to deny access). 4. Close the window and click Save in the dialog box.
Chapter 12: Using Your Computer on a Network 201 Removing a user from a group 1. In the Users & Groups control panel, open the group icon. 2. Drag the member icon for that user to the T rash.
If you select <Any User>, then anyone on the network can change the access privileges or ownership of the item. 4. Close the window and click Save in the dialog box. 5. Click OK to confir m that you want to change ownership. T urning file sharing off Y ou can tur n file sharing off at any time.
Monitoring file-sharing activity When file sharing is on, you can see who is connected to your computer and what folders or disks you’ve shared. n Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the File Sharing Monitor icon .
4. Click OK. A message remains on the screen until the time is up. Y ou can switch to any program you already have open so you can continue working. 5.
5. Close the window and the Users & Groups control panel. 6. L eave your computer turned on . T o gain access to your computer , connect to it as a registered user . T ype your owner name and password as they appear in the Sharing Setup control panel of your computer .
Using access privileges Access privileges let you control what other people can do with the information you share on a network. For example, you might want to let people see a file but prevent them from changing it.
Setting access privileges to folders and disks Y ou can set access privileges for shared items on your own computer and for items that you own on other computers. 1. Select a folder or disk. 2. Choose Sharing from the File menu. The dialog box you see may be slightly different from the one pictured.
Access privilege strategies Access privileges can be combined in several ways. A few common and useful strategies are summarized here. n Allow everyone on the network all access privileges. As long as you’ve turned on guest access, ever yone on the network can open, read, and change the files and folders.
n Keep a folder private but allow others to place files or folders into it. P eople on the network can deposit files or folders into this folder but only the owner can see, remove, or change its contents. ( This configuration is sometimes called a drop box.
Checking your access privileges When you open a folder on another computer , icons under the title bar indicate the privileges that you do not have. You can’t You can’t You can’t make changes see files in see folders to files in this this folder.
2. If your network has zones, select a zone in the lower- lef t section of the dialog box. 3. Select the Macintosh you want to connect to in the upper-left section of the dialog box. 4. Select the program you want to link to. 5. Click OK. In most cases, you need to identify yourself as a guest or a registered user .
Disconnecting a program link T o disconnect a link to a program on another computer , quit the program you used to create the link. Allowing other people to link to your programs Y ou can allow people on the network to link to programs on your computer .
Selecting a program for linking Before a network user can link to your program, you need to share it. 1. Quit the program if it’s open , then click its icon to select it. 2. Choose Sharing from the File menu. 3. Click the box labeled “ Allow remote program linking” to place an X in it.
Naming specific users to link to your programs Y ou can identif y the registered users and groups you want to link to your programs. 1. Choose Control P anels from the Apple ( K ) menu and open the Users & Groups icon . 2. Open the icon of a user .
Building a P owerBook Duo System In this chapter n Using the Duo Dock n Using the Duo MiniDock n Using the Duo Floppy Adapter n Using SC SI devices n Connecting your computer as a SC SI disk n Connect.
The drawing shows one of many possible P owerBook Duo Systems. The Duo Dock can accommodate any Macintosh- compatible monitor , keyboard, mouse, printer , hard disk drive, CD -ROM drive, scanner , or other device.
n built-in video support for the following monitors: Macintosh 12" Monochrome Display Macintosh 12" RGB Display AppleColor High-Resolution RGB Monitor (13") Macintosh Color Display (13&.
Setting up the Duo Dock If you need to install a NuBus card inside the dock, do it before following the steps below . See “Installing a NuBus Card” in this guide for instructions. 1. Place the dock on a hard, flat surface. While you set up, you’ll need access to the connectors on the back panel.
4. Connect your mouse, keyboard, or other input device to the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port. Y ou can chain devices together if you have more than one. F or example, you can connect a keyboard to the ADB port, and then connect a mouse to the keyboard. 5.
Inserting the P owerBook Duo into the Duo Dock 1. Shut down the P owerBook Duo by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu. 2. Close the display . 3. Open the door that covers the docking connector on the back panel of the computer . 4. If the elevation feet are down, flip them up.
T urning on the P owerbook Duo System T o turn on the docked computer , press the Power On k ey on your external keyboard. On Apple keyboards, the k ey is marked with a triangle pointing left. Once the computer is on, you have access to all equipment connected to the Duo Dock.
W orking with a P owerbook Duo System This section summarizes n how your P owerBook Duo behaves when it is docked, or when it is moved from one Duo Dock to another n how to take advantage of the Duo D.
Hard disks The P owerBook Duo starts up from its inter nal hard disk automatically . If you have a hard disk installed in or connected to your Duo Dock, that disk’s icon also appears when you start up. Y ou may prefer to start up from the Duo Dock’s hard disk when the P owerBook Duo is docked.
Network If you installed the appropriate NuBus card in your Duo Dock, then whenever your P owerBook Duo is docked you have access to another network type —such as Ether net or T oken Ring—in addition to your computer ’s built-in L ocalT alk.
Using security features The Duo Dock has a key -operated mechanical lock to prevent theft of a docked P owerBook Duo. Y ou can also lock computers out of the dock—for example, to protect infor mation on the dock’s hard disk or to limit access to a network.
Ejecting the P owerBook Duo from the Duo Dock 1. Shut down the P owerBook Duo by choosing Shut Down from the Special menu. If a system problem prevents you from using the menu, you can shut down by pressing the power button on the back of the dock (but you’ll lose work you haven ’t saved).
A useful shortcut Y ou can shut down the PowerBook Duo and eject it by simply pressing the eject button (if the dock is not locked). When you do this, the system will n remind you to save your work, i.
If you eject the computer manually while it is turned on, the computer turns itself off. Y ou will lose any infor mation you did not save. When the dock is locked, you can ’t use the square hole. Installing a NuBus card Installing a NuBus card in the Duo Dock is a technically challenging procedure.
Installing the card 1. Unlatch the top cover of the dock by pinching the raised bumps just inside the front opening. 2. When the latches release, tilt the cover upwar d slightly (to about a 30° angle) and then lif t the angled cover straight up to remove it.
4. Disconnect the power supply cable by pinching its release clip and pulling straight up. If there is a hard disk drive in your Duo Dock, you may need to move its ribbon cable aside to reach the clip on the power supply cable. 5. L oosen the two scr ews connecting the central part of the dock to the base.
6. Pull the subassembly toward you until you feel it come to a stop. It will move only a short distance. Y ou’ll be able to feel a small gap under the front ledge of the dock. If the subassembly doesn ’t seem to move, or if you can ’t feel a gap under the front ledge, the screws may not be loose enough.
8. T urn the subassembly over and put it down with the disk drive(s) facing up. v About NuBus slots and cards: The two NuBus slots in the Duo Dock are stacked vertically .
The next four steps describe how to insert the card. Important: Handle a NuBus card by its edges only , and be careful not to touch the pins inside the connector . 10. L ower the card into the slot. NuBus cards have all or most of their chips on one side.
12. Insert the two pins on the dock bracket into the slot and hole on the card bracket. 13. Press together the connectors on the card and the slot. Y ou can push against the plastic part of the connector , as shown, or against the top of the card. If you push against the top of the card, make sure the connectors stay properly aligned.
15. Replace the NuBus card guide by sliding it back into position. Y our card is now installed. 16. T ur n over the subassembly and carefully put it back into the base of the dock. 17. Push the subassembly toward the back of the dock to close the gap (the reverse of step 6).
18. T ighten the screws you loosened in step 5. The screws are spring-loaded. Y ou’ll need to exert strong downward pressure while you turn them clockwise. 19. Reconnect the power supply cable you disconnected in step 4. 20. Replace the dock cover .
Chapter 13: Building a PowerBook Duo System 237 Using the P owerBook Duo MiniDock The Duo MiniDock is available as an option for the P owerBook Duo. The minidock allows you to connect a wide variety of devices to the P owerBook. A minidock system can have many of the same capabilities as a desktop Macintosh.
238 Chapter 13: Building a PowerBook Duo System Duo MiniDock features The Duo MiniDock allows you to use the following types of equipment with your P owerBook Duo: n any one of these Apple monitors: M.
Setting up the Duo MiniDock Y our PowerBook Duo system may be simple or complex, depending on the equipment you want to use with your P owerBook Duo. As you work through these instructions, skip any steps that don ’t apply. The setup procedure involves connecting your equipment to the Duo MiniDock and then connecting the P owerBook Duo.
s W ar ning: Use only the power adapter that came with your P owerBook Duo. Adapters for other electronic devices (including other portable computers) may look similar , but they may damage your computer . s If you are connecting only an external floppy disk drive, a keyboard, and/or a mouse, you don ’t need to plug in the power adapter .
4. If you are using a keyboar d and/or mouse, connect it to the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port on the Duo MiniDock. Since the minidock has one ADB port, you’ll need to chain devices together if you are connecting more than one. F or example, connect a keyboard to the ADB port, and then connect a mouse to the keyboard.
6. If you are using any other peripheral devices, such as an external hard disk drive or a printer , connect them now . F ollow the instr uctions that came with the device. If you are connecting a SC SI device, you’ll need an HDI-30 SC SI System Cable to attach the S C SI device to the Duo MiniDock.
Before you dock Before you connect the P owerBook Duo to the Duo MiniDock, the computer must be shut down or in sleep. Shut down for access to all devices Docking with the computer shut down gives you access to S C SI devices such as a hard disk drive or CD -ROM drive.
Connecting the P owerBook Duo to the Duo MiniDock 1. Make sure the P owerBook Duo is in sleep or shut down. If the P owerBook is on when you tr y to connect it to the minidock, the computer will turn itself off. This process erases any information you did not save.
T urning on the P owerBook Duo System 1. If you are using an external monitor or SCSI equipment (such as an exter nal har d disk drive), tur n it on now . 2. T urn on or wake the PowerBook Duo by pr essing its P ower On key . Y ou can also tur n on or wak e the computer by pressing the P ower On key on your external keyboard, if you have one.
2. Drag the menu bar from the small rectangle (repr esenting your PowerBook scr een) to the large rectangle (r epresenting your external monitor). 3. Choose Restart from the Special menu. Y ou must choose Restart for the new monitor configuration to take effect.
n The computer displayed a message saying that you had to restart the P owerBook to get access to attached devices, and you clicked OK, but you still don ’t have access. Clicking OK sends the message away , but it doesn ’t restart the computer . Choose Restart from the Special menu.
Batter y recharging A P owerBook Duo connected to the Duo MiniDock draws power from its batter y unless the power adapter is plugged in. If the power adapter is plugged in, the batter y recharges while the computer is connected to the minidock. ( This is the same way the computer works if it is not docked.
Hard disks The P owerBook Duo starts up from its inter nal hard disk automatically . If you have an exter nal hard disk connected to your Duo MiniDock, that disk’s icon also appears when you start up. Y ou may prefer to start up from the exter nal hard disk when the P owerBook Duo is docked.
Modem If you want to use an external modem with your PowerBook Duo System, connect the modem cable to the Duo MiniDock port marked with this icon: W If your computer has an internal modem, select either Inter nal or External Modem in the PowerBook control panel before opening your telecommunications program.
Using the P owerBook Duo Floppy Adapter The Duo Floppy Adapter is an optional device that allows you to connect a Macintosh HDI-20 External 1.4 MB Floppy Disk Drive and up to three Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) devices —such as a keyboard or mouse —to your computer .
2. Connect the floppy adapter to the P owerBook Duo. Y ou hear a click when the adapter is attached. 3. Connect the floppy disk drive’s cable to the floppy disk drive port on the adapter . The port is marked with this icon: H Use only the Macintosh HDI-20 External 1.
4. If you are using an external keyboard or a mouse, connect its cable to the Apple Desktop Bus (ADB) port on the adapter . The port is marked with this icon: ◊ Since the floppy adapter has one ADB port, you’ll need to chain devices together if you have more than one.
T urning on the P owerBook Duo When you are ready to resume work, turn on the PowerBook Duo in either of these ways: n Press the P ower On key on your computer . n Press the P ower On key on your exter nal keyboard. On Apple keyboards, the P ower On key is marked with a triangle pointing left.
Disconnecting the floppy adapter , disk drive, and input device(s) from the P owerBook Duo 1. Make sure the P owerBook Duo is in sleep or shut down. (Choose Sleep or Shut Down from the Special menu.) If you tr y to disconnect with the computer tur ned on, the computer turns itself off.
Using SC SI devices A SC SI device is any product—including hard disk drives, CD -ROM drives, scanners, and printers —that communicates with Macintosh computers by means of a standard electronic interface. (S C SI stands for Small Computer System Interface.
Setting SC SI ID numbers Each device in a SC SI chain must have a unique ID number between 1 and 6 so the computer can identify it properly. The information in this section can help you assign S C SI ID numbers to the devices you want to use with your computer .
Checking that the SC SI chain is properly terminated T o ensure accurate transmission of information, a chain of S C SI devices must have a terminator at each end. T er minators are built into some SC SI devices and can also be added exter nally . n The Duo Dock and the Duo MiniDock both have built-in terminators.
Connecting cables s W ar ning: When making SC SI connections, always tur n off power to all devices in the chain. F ailure to do so can cause the loss of information and damage to your equipment. s 1. Shut down your P owerBook and all SCSI devices in the chain.
Using your P owerBook Duo as a SC SI disk If you have a Duo MiniDock and a cable called the Apple HDI-30 SC SI Disk Adapter (which you can purchase separately), you can connect your P owerBook Duo to any desktop Macintosh and have the P owerBook function as though it were an exter nal SC SI disk drive.
Chapter 13: Building a PowerBook Duo System 261 5. T urn off any other devices in the SCSI chain . 6. Connect the P owerBook to either (a) the desktop Macintosh or (b) the end of the SCSI chain . “Desktop Macintosh” includes all the models listed in the illustration, as well as a P owerBook Duo in a Duo Dock.
s W ar ning: Always shut down the P owerBook before connecting or disconnecting the SC SI disk adapter cable. Connecting the adapter cable while the computer is turned on can damage the computer . s 7. T urn on the PowerBook by pr essing the P ower On key .
Simplifying the SC SI disk connection process If you regularly plan to use your P owerBook as a S C SI disk with the same desktop Macintosh, you can leave the cables, terminators (if any), and the S C SI disk adapter cable attached to the desktop Macintosh.
5. Note the SCSI ID number that appears on the screen . Y ou can ’t change this number now , but if you are attaching your P owerBook to an existing S C SI chain you can change the numbers of other devices if there is an ID conflict. 6. Press the power button again to turn the P owerBook off.
Drawing batter y power in SC SI disk mode Y our PowerBook continues to draw batter y power when you use it as a SC SI disk. L ow batter y power is indicated by the appearance of a blinking low-power warning on the PowerBook’s screen.
Connecting a modem Apple offers an optional, low-power , inter nal fax/data modem for your computer . See the modem manual for infor mation about this modem and how to use it.
8. Click the Exter nal Modem button. If you have an Express Modem and are using an external modem, click the Normal button. 9. Close the control panel.
Connecting sound input and output devices The Duo Dock and the Duo MiniDock have a sound input port (marked with the icon X ) to which you can connect a microphone. The microphone provided with the Duo Dock can pick up sounds within a range of several feet.
Chapter 14: Travel, Storage and Service 269 269 T ravel, Storage, and Ser vice In this chapter n T raveling with the computer n Storing the computer n Getting service and support n Getting more inform.
n Some airlines may restrict or prohibit the use of computers in flight. Check ahead to find out what restrictions, if any , apply . n T ake the necessar y plug adapters if you’re traveling overseas. ( Y ou may need to use them with the power adapter .
P rotecting the P owerBook Duo system from theft The Duo Dock, Duo MiniDock, and Duo Floppy Adapter all have a security slot to which you can connect a locking device and security cable.
If you cannot return to the Apple-authorized dealer from whom you purchased your system, go to the nearest service location. For the location nearest you, write or call one of the following: Apple Computer , Inc.
F or more information about Macintosh computers Macintosh user groups Whatever your level of computer experience, you may be interested in joining a Macintosh user group. Group activities may include new product demonstrations, question-and-answer sessions, and classes on using programs or writing your own programs.
T o establish an APDA account, obtain ordering information, or find out about site licensing and developer training programs, contact: APDA Apple Computer , Inc.
Summar y and Shortcuts Double-click n Double-click an object on screen by pointing to the object and clicking twice in rapid succession , without moving the mouse. Double-clicking is a common shortcut for opening an icon or the selected item in a director y dialog box.
Opening an icon Y ou open an icon by selecting it and choosing Open from the File menu or using the keyboard shortcut x - O or x -Down Arrow . Or you can double-click the icon. Moving, copying, and renaming an icon To do this Take these steps Move an icon Drag the icon to where you want it.
Scrolling through the contents of a window n Click the up, down , lef t, or right scroll arrow . n Click the vertical or horizontal scroll bar (when it’s gray).
Using the outline form in list views Any list view you choose from the View menu (that is, any view except the icon and small icon views) shows the contents of the active window in outline form. Y ou can see the contents of a folder without opening the folder in its own window .
P op-up menus of ten appear in dialog boxes that you use to set options or preferences. Y ou can recognize a pop-up menu by a small solid triangle, pointing down, next to its name.
3. Drag sideways to the submenu, drag to the submenu item you want to choose so that it’s highlighted, and then release the mouse button. K eyboard shortcuts in the Finder and in director y dialog b.
T roubleshooting This section describes possible causes and solutions for some common problems you may have with your P owerBook Duo, the Duo Dock, the Duo MiniDock, or associated equipment provided by Apple. This section is not comprehensive. Check the appropriate reference section for additional help on specific topics.
The computer just stopped. n The computer may have gone to sleep. Press any key (except Caps Lock) or the Power On k ey to wake it again. n The batter y may have drained so far that the computer has put itself to sleep to protect the contents of RAM. Plug in the power adapter and then press the P ower On key .
P ower The battery is draining too fast. n T ur n down the screen brightness, turn off virtual memor y, move the batter y conser vation slider in the P owerBook control panel to Better Conservation, or work with the power adapter plugged in. n Y our computer supplies power to the modem whenever a communications program is open.
The computer doesn ’t go to sleep automatically . n Y ou may have dragged the slider to Never in Custom view of the P owerBook control panel. Drag the slider to a lower setting. n Y ou may be connected to a shared disk on the network. If you are not using the information on the shared disk, disconnect from it.
There are ghost images or black dots on the screen. n When the computer is left on for many hours, temporar y defects may appear on the screen. Put the computer to sleep. The longer the computer was left on, the longer it will take for the images to fade, but they will eventually disappear .
The trackball The trackball doesn ’t work smoothly; it sticks or jumps when rolled. n There may be dust or dirt inside the trackball mechanism. T o clean the trackball, follow these steps. 1. Remove the trackball by tur ning the trackball retainer ring counterclockwise, and lifting the trackball out of its cavity.
The Duo Dock Y ou can ’t insert the computer into the dock. n The dock may be locked. T ur n the key to the horizontal (unlocked) position and insert the computer again. n The door covering the dock connector may not be open. Open the door and insert the computer again.
The Duo MiniDock Y ou can ’t tur n on the docked computer . n Make sure your equipment is connected properly and then press the P ower On key on any of your k eyboards. If nothing happens, press the power button on the back of the minidock. n The computer ’s batter y may need to be recharged.
SC SI devices Y ou can ’t tur n on the computer after connecting a SCSI device. n SC SI devices must be tur ned on before the computer itself. T ur n on the SC SI device(s) first, and then tur n on the computer . The computer doesn ’t recognize your SC SI devices.
Disk drives and disks The computer won ’t start up from its hard disk, or the har d disk icon doesn ’t appear on the desktop. n There may have been a temporar y sof tware problem. Shut down the computer , wait at least 10 seconds, and then tur n it on again.
The har d disk is full. n Y ou can reclaim space on your hard disk by removing unneeded files; installing a smaller , customized System F older; turning off virtual memor y; or purchasing a disk optimization program to reorganize the information on the hard disk.
A message says that a disk is not initialized—but you know that it is. n The disk may not be seated properly in the disk drive. Eject it and tr y inserting it again. n The disk may be damaged. If you insert another disk in the drive and the message does not appear , you can assume that the original disk needs repair .
Modems The external modem doesn ’t work. n The modem may be turned off or improperly connected. Make sure it is turned on and that all connections are correct. n The modem port may not be activated. Open the P owerBook Setup control panel and make sure that External Modem is selected.
The network printer keeps restarting. n Someone on the network may be using a different version of the printer software. Ever yone connected to a network should use the same printer software version. Consult the network administrator for more information.
Networks Y ou can ’t find or can ’t open icons needed to set up file sharing. n One or more icons may be in the wrong place. Make sure that the Sharing Setup icon is in the Control Panels folder , and that the File Sharing Extension file, the Network Extension file, and the AppleShare file are in the Extensions folder .
Application programs A program won ’t open. n Some programs can ’t be opened from a locked floppy disk. Make sure the disk is unlock ed. n The program may be damaged. Recopy it from a known good source (such as the original program disk). n There may not be enough memor y available to open the program.
Keyboard and Character Sets Appendix A 297 1 ! 2 @ 3 # 4 $ 5 % 6 7 & 8 * 9 ( 0 ) + = delete ~ ' YU I O P QW E R T tab lock caps shift ctrl option esc shift return enter SD F G H J KL A Z XCVB N M <> , .
298 Appendix A: Keyboard and Character Sets Using Caps Lock The Caps Lock key on P owerBook computers does not stay depressed even when it’s locked. Caps Lock is on when the light on the key itself is on. T o turn Caps L ock on or off, press the Caps Lock key .
T o type a character with a diacritical mark (such as an acute accent or an umlaut), you press the Option key along with a specific letter key , and then type the character .
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Exchanging Disks and F iles With MS-DOS Computers Apple File Exchange is a file format conversion program supplied on your system software disks. The program and translator files are stored in the Apple File Exchange F older .
3. Click MS-DOS. 4. If necessary , click the capacity (in K) of the disk you inserted. If you want to initialize a high-density ( ˙ ) disk in MS-DOS format, 1440K is the only option and it is already selected. If you inserted a double-sided disk, click 720K.
Converting files to and from MS-DOS format Apple File Exchange provides two methods of file conversion— text and binar y . T ext translation is for text files, and binar y translation is for other file types. Apple File Exchange can also use translator files designed to convert files into formats that specific programs can use.
5. Pull down the translation menu you want. 6. Make sure that the translators for the types of files you selected have checkmarks; if not, choose them so checkmarks appear next to them. An active translator has a checkmark. The default translator has a diamond (indicating that it’s always active).
Other file-conversion options Apple File Exchange’s F ile menu provides several other options to assist you with file conversions. T o see explanations of the translators Apple File Exchange uses, choose About Apple File Exchange from the Apple menu.
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Map The Map control panel lets you set your computer ’s location and find out the distance and the time difference between your location and cities around the world. If you travel with your computer and use Map to reset your location accordingly , the time (in the Date & Time control panel) is automatically reset to the local time.
2. T ype the city nearest your current location and then click the Find button (or press the R etur n key). If you aren ’t sure how the city is spelled, type the first few letters and press the Return key . If the city isn ’t found, you can add it to the list of cities stored in Map (instructions are given elsewhere in this appendix).
The distance to and the time at the other location are shown at the bottom of the window . The distance is based on the shortest possible route (called the great circle). T o find out the time difference between your location and the other location, click the words “Time Zone.
Adding or removing a location Adding a location 1. If the map does not show the location you want to add, scroll by dragging beyond the map in the direction of the location. 2. Click the location . A blinking star appears at the location, and its coordinates and approximate time zone are displayed.
A About This Macintosh (Apple menu) 161 accent marks, typing 298–299 access privileges. See also file sharing; registered users; shared disks accessing your computer from another 204–205 assigning.
Apple Menu Items folder 121, 146 AppleShare 185–186 AppleShare PC program 304 Apple T alk. See also LocalT alk; networking software; networks choosing a printer 167 turning off to make more memor y .
Batter y Reconditioning application 97–98 beep sound setting 131–132 with Sticky Keys or Slow Keys 156 binar y method of file conversion 303 bitmap fonts 175 blinking question mark icon 6, 73 blin.
color wheel 140–141 Command x key 16, 45, 297 keyboard shortcuts and 58 commands choosing 32 defined 32 keyboard shortcuts for 58 computer viruses 79, 282 connecting to a floppy disk drive 69 to a s.
D damaged batter y 283 computer 271 floppy disks 111, 113, 114–115, 291–292 programs 296 date and time changing formats for 151–152 to print a document 173 setting 148–149 using Map 307 Date &.
double-sided floppy disks 69, 70. See also floppy disks erasing 108 initializing 107 with Apple File Exchange 302 Download F onts (L aserW riter Font Utility) 177 downloading fonts 176–177 P ostScri.
hard disk connected to 249 LocalT alk and 238, 242 locking 271 modems 238, 239, 242, 250 monitors connecting an external monitor 239–240, 248 disconnecting 250 making an external monitor the main mo.
F fatigue from computer use 22, 25 file conversion to MS-DOS or ProDOS format 303–305 File menu Close 52 Close Window 42, 276 Duplicate 62, 276 Find 122–125 Find Again 122 Get Info changing an ico.
Find (F ile menu) 122–125 finding items using search criteria 122–125 locations with Map 309 the original of an alias 121 fixed-size fonts 175 flickering screen 284 floppy disk drive port Duo Floppy Adapter 252 Duo MiniDock 241 floppy disk drives.
G General Controls panel 138–139, 157 Get Info (File menu) changing an icon 159 changing the amount of memor y a program uses 81 creating a stationer y pad 126 information about files 127 locating t.
I, J I-beam pointer 54–57, 58–60, 62. See also arrow pointer; insertion point icons access privileges 209, 210 Application menu 48, 51, 52 assigning labels and colors to 128, 139 blinking 285 blin.
K keyboard adjusting angle of 24 adjusting character repeat rate and delay 155 adjusting for slow typing 156 changing layouts 155 connecting to the Duo Dock 219 to the Duo Floppy Adapter 251–253 to .
Macintosh user groups 273–274 MacW rite/DCA-RF T , converting files between 303 magnifying the screen image 143–144 main batter y . See batteries main monitor 141–142, 245–246 Make Alias (F ile menu) 120, 188 malfunctioning computer 271 Map control panel 307–310 math coprocessor socket, Duo Dock 217 megabytes (MB) 70 memor y .
Mouse control panel 154 moving. See also transporting hidden contents of windows into view 38–40 icons 276 items to the desktop 121 windows to other parts of the screen 40–41, 276 MS-DOS format co.
P Page Setup (File menu) 168 Page Setup dialog boxes 168, 172 paper , feeding manually 173 paper supply , checking with PrintMonitor 173 passwords. See also access privileges; registered users assigni.
power conservation. See batter y power conservation P ower On key 4, 7, 14, 100 troubleshooting 5, 16, 281–282 power sources 87, 104 power states 12–14 presentations, using a second monitor for 14.
Q question mark. See blinking question mark icon Quick Reference icons 275–276 keyboard shortcuts 280 menus 278–280 troubleshooting 281–296 windows 276–278 Quit (File menu) 60 quitting. See also quitting; turning off a program 60, 61 SC SI disk mode 265 R radio and television reception, interference with xiii RAM.
repairing computer 19 disks 114–116 repetitive stress injuries (RSIs) 21 replacing backup batteries 96 main batter y 94 selected text 55, 59–60 reset switch 16 resizing RAM disk 84 window 36–37,.
SC SI disk mode backing up files 111 connecting your computer as a SC SI disk 17, 260–263 copying programs from a desktop Macintosh 74, 78 low batter y power 265 quitting 265 reinstalling system sof.
shutdown state connecting an external modem 266 connecting/disconnecting Duo Floppy Adapter 251 connecting/disconnecting SC SI disk adapter cable 262, 263 disconnecting Duo MiniDock 250 recharging the.
switching programs 50–52, 80 symbols, typing 298–299 system crash 16, 282 “system error ” message 16 system extensions installing in System F older 146–147 removing to make more memory avail.
T rash icon 15, 34, 44, 64 T rash window 35, 64 traveling with the computer 269–270 troubleshooting. See also safety instructions accessing your computer from another 205, 295 Apple Menu items 121 A.
V variable-size fonts 174 vertical scroll bar 39, 40, 277 video mirroring 142, 248 video port Duo Dock 218 Duo MiniDock 240 video support, included with the Duo Dock 217 viewing contents of containers.
Apple Computer , Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, California 95014-2084 (408) 996-1010 TLX 171-576 030-4272-A Printed in U.S.A..
Een belangrijk punt na aankoop van elk apparaat Apple Duo 270C (of zelfs voordat je het koopt) is om de handleiding te lezen. Dit moeten wij doen vanwege een paar simpele redenen:
Als u nog geen Apple Duo 270C heb gekocht dan nu is een goed moment om kennis te maken met de basisgegevens van het product. Eerst kijk dan naar de eerste pagina\'s van de handleiding, die je hierboven vindt. Je moet daar de belangrijkste technische gegevens Apple Duo 270C vinden. Op dit manier kan je controleren of het apparaat aan jouw behoeften voldoet. Op de volgende pagina's van de handleiding Apple Duo 270C leer je over alle kenmerken van het product en krijg je informatie over de werking. De informatie die je over Apple Duo 270C krijgt, zal je zeker helpen om een besluit over de aankoop te nemen.
In een situatie waarin je al een beziter van Apple Duo 270C bent, maar toch heb je de instructies niet gelezen, moet je het doen voor de hierboven beschreven redenen. Je zult dan weten of je goed de alle beschikbare functies heb gebruikt, en of je fouten heb gemaakt die het leven van de Apple Duo 270C kunnen verkorten.
Maar de belangrijkste taak van de handleiding is om de gebruiker bij het oplossen van problemen te helpen met Apple Duo 270C . Bijna altijd, zal je daar het vinden Troubleshooting met de meest voorkomende storingen en defecten #MANUAl# samen met de instructies over hun opplosinge. Zelfs als je zelf niet kan om het probleem op te lossen, zal de instructie je de weg wijzen naar verdere andere procedure, bijv. door contact met de klantenservice of het dichtstbijzijnde servicecentrum.
