Gebruiksaanwijzing /service van het product 961X van de fabrikant NorthStar Navigation
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961X/XD GPS C HART N AVIGATOR I NSTALLATION M ANUAL Revisi on A Pa r t N u m b e r G M 1 70 8 Northstar Technologies 30 Sudb ury Road Acton, Mas sachusetts 017 20 www.
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Limited w arr anty policy No rthstar T echnologies warrants the N orthstar 961 to be free from defects in materials and workmanship f or a p eriod of two (2) yea rs. This warranty appli es to the original pur c haser and to a n y subseq uent o wner dur ing the warra nty peri od, which begin s on th e date of shipm ent of th e unit, F .
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961 INSTALLAT ION MANUAL Revi sion A Page i Contents SECTION ONE - Introduc tion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Page ii 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A.
961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page iii Figures Figure 1: 9 61 control hea d yoke-mount di mensions (side) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Figure 2: 9 61 control hea d yoke-mount di mensions (front ) . . .
Page iv 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Figure 25 : Port 1 o utput setup (s entences) sc reen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Figure 26: Port 1 ou tput setup s creen . . . . . . . . . . . . .
961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page v Tables Table 1: Co ntacting Norths tar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Table 2: Troub leshooting the installat ion .
Page vi 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A.
S E CTI O N ON E - In troduc tion 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page 1 S ECTI O N O N E - Intr oduction We l c o m e T he N orthstar 961 I nstallat ion M anual describes how to install t he entire 961 sy stem (c ontrol head, pr ocesso r , and antenna ).
S E CTI O N ON E - Intr oduct ion Page 2 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A • setting pulses pe r nautical mil e (PP N M) • service functions • maintaining the unit • installing softwar e updates and saving an d restoring the da tabase The unit’ s t echnical specif ications c an be found in Appendi x A at th e back of th is manua l.
S E CTI O N ON E - In troduc tion 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page 3 service@northstar c mc.com Servicin g the unit Repair of the unit is performed only at th e Northstar factory . Serv ice includes a complete hard ware and so ftware chec k- out.
S E CTI O N ON E - Intr oduct ion Page 4 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Or dering information T o order spare parts or repla cement/missing pa rts, call the Northstar Sales D e p a r t m e n t a t 978 - 8 9 7 - 07 70 .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page 5 S ECTI O N T WO - Installation T his c h apter in cludes all the information neede d to ins tall the 9 61. It begins w ith a review o f the syst em com ponents a nd then provides infor- mati on on ba sic ins tallation and po wering on t he unit.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 6 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A S y stem o v er vie w T he uni t is shippe d read y to insta ll and ope rate. It is re commende d that y ou follow the steps below: 1. Chec k the sh ippin g car ton f or an y dama ge, and imm edia tel y report an y d amage to the ca rrier .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page 7 Ensuring a pr oper 9 6 1 installati on T o ensure a proper i nstallat ion, it is highly recommende d that you per- f.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 8 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Using D G P S with an AN1 50 and 84 1 0 A C U If the unit is eq uipped with a differential rece iver (and you’re using the.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Re vision A Page 9 Choosing a system location T he 96 1 consi sts of two majo r part s—a proces sor and a contr ol head . T he 961 supp orts two full y function al contr ol head s (the second hea d is optiona l).
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 10 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Fi gure 1: 96 1 control head y oke-mount d imensions (side) Fi gure 2: 96 1 control head y oke-mo unt dimensions (front) 6.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 11 Flush mounti ng For flush- mo unting th e unit, allow at least 2½- inch clearance at the rear f or cables and connectors. Fo r the recom mended flush mount ing drilling dimens ions, see Figure 3 below .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 12 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Installi ng the processor F or the proce ssor insta llati on mea sureme nts and inst ructions, r ef er to the full-size flu.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 13 ing and p revents electrical fires. The power wiri ng should be connec ted direc tly to the batt ery when possib le f or optimum noise im munit y . Electrical po w er requir e ment s T he 961 i s a nega tive- ground syst em.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 14 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Co n ne c t o r s • P ower connector (3- wire) • TNC connec tor (c ontrol hea d #1) • TNC connec tor (c ontrol hea d .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 15 T o avoid mu tual in terf erences among di ff erent antennas on the vesse l, refer to the drawing of recommended se paration dista nces in Figure 5: ‘Separat ion distanc es betwee n antennas,’ bel o w.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 16 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A antenna is desired. Th e A N2 05- P do esn’t requi re any ground and is port a- ble, an advantage w hen it must be moved from one ves sel to ano ther .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 17 F igure 6: GPS-on ly antenna (AN 1 5 0) W iring the AN1 5 0 anten na Supp lied wi th the an tenna i s a 5 0-foot len.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 18 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A 3. F eed the open end of th e suppli ed coax cabl e down th rough the antenna ba se and thro ugh the h ollow core of th e antenna mo unt. 4. Affix the TNC connector- end of the coax to the mating c onnector inside th e upper half o f the G P S an tenna.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 19 assembly f orward until contac t seats in insulator . Slide outer ferrule over braid and up agai nst connector body . Cri mp oute r f erru le using Cavit y A of tools spec- ified above.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 20 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A ever , that the splitt er isn’t wea therproof a nd shou ld be pl aced in a p ro- tected area whe re it won’t be subjec ted to dire ct wate r splash or spray .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 21 Mountin g the AN205 -P antenn a 1. St rip cabl e jacket to t he follow ing di mensions ( in inches), as i llus- trat ed in Figure 12: ‘S tripp ing the coa x cabl e jac ket,’ belo w: a=0.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 22 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Installing an 84 1 0 A C U (for use with the AN 1 5 0 only ) If you wa nt to rece ive dif ferent i al correct ions with the 961 a nd you’ re using the AN15 0 antenna, yo u must use the N orthstar 8410 Antenna Coupling U nit (AC U).
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 23 body into whic h the uppe r half is secured (see Figure 15, “ AC U Assem- bly”). A gaske t and rubber O - ring on the up per half p ro vide we atherti ght sealin g when th e two h al ves are secured.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 24 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A F igu r e 1 6: C orr ect AN 1 50 and 84 1 0 wir ing RF g r o u n d i n g The grounding s ystem is an equal part ner with t he antenna in produ cing quali ty diff erent ial beacon si gnals f or the 96 1 differ ent ial rece iver .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 25 T he 8410 A C U has a se para te bla ck grou nd wire insid e the co upler base, this wire shou ld be connec ted to an elect rically quiet ground lo cation. This wire is th e AC signal gr ound conne ction fr om the ant enna inpu t cir- cuit .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 26 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A F igure 1 7: PL -25 9 (U H F ) connector T urning the unit on an d off Tu r n i n g t h e u n i t on T o activ ate the unit , briefly press the PW R key . T his acti vates th e control head a nd the pr ocess or .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 27 Figure 1 8 : In itia l sta rtup screen Figur e 1 9: System test screen After th e SYSTEM TEST s creen, the 96 1 auto mati call y displa ys the OWNER’S M ESSAGE screen, as sho wn in Figure 20 , fo r about 10 seconds.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 28 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A F igure 20: Owner’s message screen Ad v i s o r y message After th e OWNER’S M ESSA GE screen, th e special advisory me.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 29 F igure 2 1 : Advisory messag e If c hart C Ds f or your geo graphi cal ar ea hav e been inst alled onto the 961’ .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 30 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Once t he unit is turned on and has a cquired satellite d ata, yo u can check the qu ality of t he G P S si gnals bei ng receiv ed by viewin g the vario us sate l- lites’ S N R (Si gnal- t o- Noise R ati o) readings.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 31 and does n’t consid er atmos pheric co nditions, Select ive A vailabili ty , and sign al in terf erence, all of whic h aff ect accura cy .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 32 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A 1. Pre ss and ho ld the PWR ke y f or thre e second s, and the 961 wil l turn off. T o turn off a n entire syste m (t he two he ads and t he processo r) with two control heads t hat are o n: 1.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 33 POWER (cont’d) The cont rol head powers-up , but not the processor (t he processor’s power in dicator at the ba ck of the unit is not lit). • Check the fuse and the pow er to the processo r .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 34 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A DISPLAY (cont’d) The disp lay screen dim s, eithe r slightly or more, afte r the un it has be en on for a cer- tain tim e. If the displ ay screen dims and also displ ays the error message “unit to o hot, backl ighting dimmed .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 35 PROCESSOR (cont’d) System lock- ups Vibration- related: The sys tem lock s up while un derway under cert ain co nditio ns.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 36 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A PROCESSOR (cont’d) Configura tion No GPS or D GPS • Possible incorr ect in stallatio n of the AS1 10/AS105 splitter c ables; they may be rev ersed at the splitte r for the GPS and di fferential outpu t ports going to t he 961XD proces sor .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 37 DGPS (cont’d) There’s n o DGPS i ndica tor on the C hart screen, and : The BEACON RX SELF-TEST AND SOFT- WARE m essag e read s PASS ED, AND THE DGPS S TATUS message reads SEARCHING .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 38 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A T rou bleshoot ing the G P S / D G P S an ten na in stall ati on In the f ollo wing tab le (tr oubl e shoo ting the G P S /.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 39 T able 3: T roubleshooti ng the G P S / D G P S antenna in stallation Antenna Symptom Possible So lutions/Reas ons GPS ANTENNA Poor or no G PS signal while usi ng the AN150 an tenna.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 40 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A DGPS ANTENNA (cont’d) No beac on signa l (applies to al l DGPS antennas ): If the BCN R CVR ST reads “failed:” If the coa x and antenn a are o kay and t here is 7.75 VD C: • Press the STAR key to dis play t he SETUP MENU screen , then press the RECEIVER SETUP key .
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 41 DGPS ANTENNA (cont’d) High beac on SNR or low sign al. When ves sel inte rference is still p resent: When t he source of the interfe rence i s found: • T urn off al l electric al devices an d equipmen t on the vessel , then ch eck for improv ement.
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 42 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A b. T esting the G P S portion of the splitter and a combo ant enna: Wh en using a combo an tenna and split- ter , the splitter gets 7 .7 5 VDC from the beacon receiver , and then feeds the combo pre- amp with that same voltage level.
SEC T IO N T W O - I n s ta l l at i o n 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 43 RADAR DEVICE There’s bearin g-pulse i nterferenc e from the radar (this also applies to depth sound ers) .
S E CTI O N TW O - Inst allation Page 44 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A.
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 45 S E CTI O N TH R E E - Interf acing T his c hapte r includ es the information nee ded to i nterface the 9 61 to other equipme nt on the ve ssel.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 46 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A C onfiguri ng the N M EA output po rts Each output p ort can be prog rammed to meet m ost any specia l require - ments of devic es tha t conform to the N M EA 0183—a nd othe r—data f o r- mat sp ecific atio ns.
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 47 F igure 24: P o rt 1 output setup screen Chec k the ins tall ation instruc tions of the e quipme nt to whic h you’ re interfacing for an y special requirem ents.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 48 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Setting th e output format The unit will o utput na vigation d ata in any of se veral standa rd formats as required b y the re ceiving, o r “listene r ,” d evice.
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 49 light t he FO RMAT field (for eith er 0183 or 0183 R A Y), then press the 0183 DATA key to disp lay the sentence s.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 50 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Modifyin g N M EA output s entence s On the s creen, the high lighted sentences will be output, a s shown earlier in Figure 25.
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 51 F igure 26: P o rt 1 output setup screen T o set th e outp ut sent ences t o the f actory defau lt sett ings, pr ess th e DEFAULTS ON key . T o turn on onl y a select f ew sentences , pre ss the CLEAR ALL key , the n turn the des ired se ntence s back on.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 52 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A 2. At the PORT OUTPUT SETUP screen, selec t the desired port, th en highlight the TALK ER ID field. 3. Pre ss the EDIT key , and h ighli ght the de sire d I D. 4. Pre ss ACCEPT ke y (or CANCEL t o leave the opt ion unc hanged ).
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 53 Changing t he out put rate T he 96 1 norma lly us es a two - second up dat e inte rval f or data trans mis- sion. So me appl ications require a longer u pdate p eriod, so the 961 lets you i ncrease t hat sp an to 19 9 se conds.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 54 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A differential co rrections). If the 96 1 already has an inte rnal differential receiver , you can use the aux port to trans mit its dif ferential correc tions to anoth er device that a ccepts them.
SEC T IO N T HRE E - I n t er f a ci n g 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 55 A u x port fo rmat Outputt ing DG PS corr ectio ns to a nothe r so ur ce SC-104 OUT ou tputs di ffere ntial corr ection s from your 961XD’ s intern al differential rec eiver to an external device that ac cepts the sta ndard SC-104 data stream.
SEC T IO N T HREE - I n te rf a ci n g Page 56 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A T he f oll o wing conf iguratio n par amet ers are avai labl e as outl ined in T able 9 below . T able 9: P P N M o utput set up parameters The 961’ s P P N M default se ttings a re 20 0 ppnm, 100 mil lisecon ds, and 2 00 milli seconds.
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 57 S ECTI O N F O U R - Service/ Maintenance Service functions T his sectio n exp lains the op tions at the SER VIC E .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 58 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A P rocesso r serial number an d softw ar e r evision T he ser ial n umber of th e processor is affi xed to the back of th e unit, and also has be en permane ntl y programm ed into the unit’ s databas e .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 59 F igure 30: Receiver information scr een Changing G P S spee d aver aging v alue W hen you aren’t using D G PS or.
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 60 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A Y ou can c hange the sp eed ave ragin g value a t any ti me wit hout aff ecting other n avigation functi ons.
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 61 Setting beaco n frequency and baud rate Y ou can set the recei ver t o operat e au toma tical l y o r be c ontrolle d ma nu- ally .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 62 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A can se t the di fferen tial freque ncy to an y value b e twee n 2 83.5k Hz and 325kH z. Y ou can set t he baud rate t o any of the f our standar d rates: 25 bps, 5 0 bp s, 100 bps, or 2 0 0 bps.
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 63 Fo r an o v erview of G P S and D G P S, see “ Introduci ng G P S a nd D G P S” i n Chap ter 2 of t he N orthstar 9 61 Operations and Refer enc e M anual (G M17 00) .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 64 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A A blank, pro perly f o rmatted fl oppy dis k always h as enough sp ace to stor e your b acked- up database s (a Zip d isk a lso has e nough space).
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 65 F igure 33: Select database t o save dialog bo x > T o save onl y your set up and servic e options (u ser pre f eren ces) , pres s the USER PREFE RENCE key .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 66 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A F igure 34: Se lect database to re store dialog box > T o restor e onl y your set up and s ervice options (u ser pref erences ), pres s the USER PREFE RENCE key .
S ECTI ON F OU R - Servic e/ Mainte nance 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 67 whic h database you’ ve just restore d , pre ss eith er the USER PREFE R- ENCE key , the W AYPOINTS AND ROUTES key , or the ALL key . In the sa mple scr een below , onl y the USER P REFEREN CE key appe ars.
S ECTI ON F OU R - Service/Maintenanc e Page 68 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A F igure 36: Save log data d ialog box 3. Inse rt the d isk i nto the drive (either a fl oppy disk or a Zip d isk), then press the CONFIR M key . T he SAVING LOG DA TA dial og bo x appea rs, askin g you t o wait while t he 961 saves th e log data.
A PP E N D IX A - T echni cal Spec ific ations 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 69 AP P E N D I X A - T echnical Specifications Northstar 9 6 1 Powe r P o wer Source: 10-36 VDC P ower Consumpti.
AP PE N DI X A - T echnical Specifications Page 70 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A • External S A VE input • W aypoint do wnload capab ility • Operating software u pload (upda tes) • N M E.
A PP E N D IX A - T echni cal Spec ific ations 961 INSTALLATION MANUAL Revision A Page 71 Interna l beacon r ecei v er specificat ions (9 6 1XD ) Sign al pr ocessi ng N ois e Blan ker: Pred ict ive va.
AP PE N DI X A - T echnical Specifications Page 72 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A 8 4 1 0 An tenna C oup ling Unit Heigh t: 11 in c h es Diam eter: 2.
961 INST ALLATION MAN UAL Revision A Page 73 Numerics 8410 ACU assembly diagram 23 cables 23 compo nents 22 evaluating tempor ary locations before mou ntin g 22 mou ntin g 22 technical sp ecifications.
Page 74 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A D data transmission, changing update intervals 53 database, saving and r estoring 63 DATAMARI NE CDX outp ut format 48 DGPS antenna conn ector (UHF) 14 antenna.
961 INST ALLATION MAN UAL Revision A Page 75 yoke vs. flush 9 mou ntin g br ack et 12 MSS 0183 identifier 50 N NMEA 0180 outpu t format 48 NMEA 0183 baud rate 47 check sums 47, 53 lat/lon precis ion 4.
Page 76 961 INSTALL ATION MANUAL Revision A service 3 setup par ameters aux port 54 PPNM outp ut 56 shading avoiding electromagnetic 16 shipping c arton, c hecking for da mage 6 shipping char ges 3 sh.
Een belangrijk punt na aankoop van elk apparaat NorthStar Navigation 961X (of zelfs voordat je het koopt) is om de handleiding te lezen. Dit moeten wij doen vanwege een paar simpele redenen:
Als u nog geen NorthStar Navigation 961X heb gekocht dan nu is een goed moment om kennis te maken met de basisgegevens van het product. Eerst kijk dan naar de eerste pagina\'s van de handleiding, die je hierboven vindt. Je moet daar de belangrijkste technische gegevens NorthStar Navigation 961X vinden. Op dit manier kan je controleren of het apparaat aan jouw behoeften voldoet. Op de volgende pagina's van de handleiding NorthStar Navigation 961X leer je over alle kenmerken van het product en krijg je informatie over de werking. De informatie die je over NorthStar Navigation 961X krijgt, zal je zeker helpen om een besluit over de aankoop te nemen.
In een situatie waarin je al een beziter van NorthStar Navigation 961X bent, maar toch heb je de instructies niet gelezen, moet je het doen voor de hierboven beschreven redenen. Je zult dan weten of je goed de alle beschikbare functies heb gebruikt, en of je fouten heb gemaakt die het leven van de NorthStar Navigation 961X kunnen verkorten.
Maar de belangrijkste taak van de handleiding is om de gebruiker bij het oplossen van problemen te helpen met NorthStar Navigation 961X . Bijna altijd, zal je daar het vinden Troubleshooting met de meest voorkomende storingen en defecten #MANUAl# samen met de instructies over hun opplosinge. Zelfs als je zelf niet kan om het probleem op te lossen, zal de instructie je de weg wijzen naar verdere andere procedure, bijv. door contact met de klantenservice of het dichtstbijzijnde servicecentrum.
