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RCA COSMAC VIP CDP18S711 Instruction Manual RCA Solid State Division, Somerville, N. J. 08876 Copyright 1978 by RCA Corporation (All rights reserved under Pan- American Copyright Convention) Printed i.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT COSMAC VIP has been cr eated by Joe Weisbeck er of the RCA Laboratories, Princeton, N.J. so that every one can have fun and useful personal compute r experiences.
Contents I. Getting Started ............................................................................................................. ...... 5 What This Manu al Covers ...............................................................................
Contents (Continued) Appendix B - Oper atin g System ................................................................................................. 33 Operating Syst em Listing .......................................................................
1 1. Getting Started COSMAC VIP (Video Interface Processor) CDP18S711 is a complete computer on a single printed-circuit card . It includes the following: *RCA CDP18 02 Microprocessor (91 in struction.
6 CHIP-8 incl udes a real tim e clock, rand om number generator, decimal conversion, an d digit or graphic display capab ility. It only uses 51 2 bytes of RAM leaving over 102 4 bytes for p rograms in a 2048-byte system . (You can get an additional 2048 bytes of RAM by plugging f our more R AM chips i nto your card .
After completing the above set- u p procedure, you are ready to enter and ru n programs on your COSMAC VIP. The COSMAC VIP operating system , explained in the next section, permits y ou to load programs into mem ory from the hex key board, ve rify them, an d record them on cassettes for later reuse.
11. COSMAC VIP Operation COSMAC VIP is operated with the RUN switch and hex keyboar d. The PWR light sho ws that powe r is on. The Q light is activated by various programs. A tone is sounded when ever the Q light is on. The TAPE light glows when cassette input d ata is present.
10 contained in t he last 256-byt e page of the on-card RAM. If you have a 2048- byte RAM, you are seeing locations 0700-7FF on the screen. Bit 7 of th e byte at 0700 is in the upper left comer. Try st oring a sequence of eight AA bytes followed by eight 55 bytes starting at location 0700.
After record ing and checking a progr am cassette, you can break out the tabs at the top of the cassette to prevent accidental erasure. In the even t you wish to record on a cassette after you have broken ou t the tabs, you can do so simply by pasting tape ov er the tab holes.
III. CHIP-8 Language Programming CHIP-8 is an easy-t o-learn programm ing language that lets you write your own progr ams. To use the CHIP-8 languag e, you m ust first sto re the 512-byte CHIP-8 languag e pro gram at mem ory locations 0000 t o 01FF.
14 Table I - CHIP-8 Instructions RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual Instruction Operation 1MMM Go to 0MMM BMMM Go to 0MMM + V0 2MMM Do subroutine at 0MMM (must end with 00EE) 00EE Return from subroutine 3XKK Skip next instruction if VX = KK 4XKK Skip next instruction if VX n.
When a pattern is d isplayed, it is compared with any pattern already on the screen. If a 1 bit in your ,p attern matches a I bit already on the scree n, then a 0 bit will b e shown at this spot position an d VF will be set 1,6 it value of 01. You can test VF following a DXTN instruction to determine if your pattern III.
16 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual touched any part of a previousl y displaye d pattern . This feature perm its program ming vide o games which req uire knowing if one movin g pattern t ouches or hits an other pattern.
111. CHIP-8 Language Programming 17 lose the CHIP-8 interpreter and will ha ve to reload it. You can insert stoppi ng points in your pr ogram for debugging p urposes. S uppose you wa nt to stop and examine variables when your program reaches the instruction at 0260.
18 25. PROGRAMMED SP OT - Introduce children to programming concepts by lettin g them preprogram the movem ents of a spot or object on the screen. RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual The next section will discuss machine language programmi ng. You can e ven combine machine language subroutines with CHIP-8 programs if desired.
19 IV. Machine Language Programming VIP Machine Coding For a complete description of machine language instructions, refer to the User Manual for the CDP1802 COSMAC Microprocessor MPM201A .
20 The CHIP-8 language desc ribed in t he previous section, permits machine language subroutines to be called with a 0MMM instruction. A D4 machine language instruction at the end of t he machine language subroutine returns control to the CHIP-8 instruction following the 0MMM instru ction.
21 V. Logic Description A comple te set of logic diagrams is provided in Appendix E. Pow er requi rement s for a system with 2048 bytes of RAM is 5 V DC at 350 mA. If you wish to expand the sy stem you can use your ow n higher curre nt power sup ply. This system is designed arou nd the CDP18 02 microprocessor Wfl.
pressed. A 62 machine inst ruction causes the least significant 4 bit s of mem ory byte to be latched i nto U13. These 4 bits are decode d to bring one of the 16 U13 output lines lo w. If the key that corresponds to this output line is pr essed, th e CDPI802 EF3 input will go low.
V1. Expansion Considerations and Connections The COSMAC VIP was design ed primarily as a self-contained graphic system for home use. Enough RAM and input /output feat ures are provi ded for years of computer fu n without adding a nything to your system .
24 A single photocel l input could be pr ovided via the buffered EF 4 line. Yo u can attach the photocell directly between t he L and Z pads . Experim entally adjust the pull-up resi stor on pad L for best operation. No photocell amplifier should be required to drive the COS/MOS input.
I Pin Signal Description Negative-going memory-write pulse Early timing pulse for M address clocking, etc. Memory address lines. High-order address byte appears on these lines during TPA time.
26 Some possibl e applications for expanded systems include: 1. Count ing packages, parts, cars, o r people via 9. photocell or switch i nput. 2. Composing poetry or pictures wi th printer out put. 3. Video t arget gam es using ph otocell light gun. 4.
VIL Troubleshooting Hints This section is ai med at hel ping you diagnose and fi x hardware problems should t hey occur. First, check all IC's to make sure they are prop erly inserted in the PC card. An IC inserted in the wrong direction can be permanently dam aged.
28 up with key C down. With RUN up, check bus and address lines to see if any look different from the others. They will, of course, be at different leve ls or bouncing around but y ou might spot som ething suspici ous that would indicate a short or op en for one of these lines.
29 Appendix A - Test and Operating Data Byte Pattern for Displaying "COSMAC" The followin g figure s hows how the word "COSM AC" would be formed by spots (o r bits) on th e display screen. The following bytes when loaded into memory will cause the word "COSMAC" to be shown on the display i n a 2048-byt e RAM syst em.
30 Cassette Attachment Diagram RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual Cassette Phase Test For best results your cassette record er should not reverse the phas e of an inp ut signal on playback. When playing bac k a tape rec orded on an other recorde r, it should not reverse the phase of the outp ut signal.
Appendix A - Test and Operating Data Cassette Data Test Load the following machine lan guage program into memory: 0000 90 B6 B3 F8 33 A6 F8 OA 0008 A3 D3 F8 6F AC F8 40 B9 0010 93 F6 DC 29 99 3A 10 F8.
0000 90 B1 B2 B3 F8 17 A3 D3 0008 42 70 22 78 22 52 C4 C4 0010 C4 94 80 91 AO 30 08 F8 0018 0A Al F8 7F A2 E2 69 F8 0020 04 B4 F8 00 A4 94 B7 84 0028 A7 7A E2 F8 00 A5 F8 FF 0030 A6 85 57 94 BA 84 AA .
33 Appendix B - Operating System Operating System Listing The following shows the machine language code for the ROM operating system. ROM is addressed at 8000-81FF.
34 Operating System Register Tabl e RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual Memory Register Memory Register Address Byte Address Byte, 0XB0 0XC0 0XB1 0XC1 0XB2 0XC2 0XB3 R3.0 0XC3 R3.1 0XB4 R4.0 0XC4 R4.1 0XB5 R5.0 0XC5 R5.1 0XB6 R6.0 0XC6 R6.1 0XB7 R7.0 0XC7 R7.
Appendix C - CHIP-8 Interpreter CHIP-8 Interpreter Listing 35 To use the CHIP-8 language you must first load th e following interpreter program into memory locations 0000- 0IFF (2 pages). This interpreter will allow you to run the games in Appendix D or write your own program s using t he CHIP-8 in struction set described in section III.
36 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual CHIP-8 Memory Map CDP1802 Register Use for CHIP-8 Interpreter R0 = DMA pointer (page 0X for display refresh) R1 = INTERRUPT routine program counter R2 = Stack pointer R3 = INTERPRETER subroutine program counter R4 = CALL subroutine program counter R5 = CHIP-8 instru ction program counter R6 = VX pointer (R6.
Appendix C - CHIP-8 Interpreter 37 CHIP-8/Operating System Sta ndard Digit Display Format.
CHIP-8 User Notes 1 Do not use any of the CDP1802 three-cycle machine language instru ctions in CHIP-8 programs. 2. CDP1802 R5 is used as the CHIP-8 instruction counter. It will he addressing the byte following a 0MMM instruction for machin e language subroutines and can be used to pass 2-byte parameters.
A This Appendix contains program listings for twenty video games. These games, which illustrate en- tertainment applications of COSMAC VIP, were developed by Joe Weisbecke r (games, 1 through 8), Joyce Weisbecker (game s 9 and 10), Jef Winsor (games 11, 12, and 13), Tom Chen (games 14,15, and 16), and Phil Baltzer (game s 17 through 20).
40 1. VIP Kaleidoscope This program uses the CHIP-8 INTERPRETER at 0000-01FF. Fou r spots a ppear in a g roup at the ce nter of the screen. Press keys 2, 4, 6, or 8 to create a pattern. Keep your patter n smaller than 138 key depres sions. Push key 0 to terminate pattern RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual entry.
Appendix D - Video Games 2. VIP Video Display Drawing Game This program uses the CHIP-8 INTERPRETER at 0000-01FF. A flashing spot appears in th e upper left corner of the screen. You ca n move the spot by holding key 2, 4, 6, or 8. Press key 5 and you can draw a pictu re with the spot.
67 Appendix E - Logic Diagrams Fig. E-1 Microprocesso r and Display Interface Circuits Fig. E-2 ROM C ircuits and Expansion In terface Fig. E-3 K eyboard, Decodi ng, Audio Osc illator, and Cassette Interface Circuits Fig.
68 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual Fig. E-1 - Microprocessor and Display Interface Circuits.
Fig. E-2 - ROM Circuits and Expansion Interfa ce Appendix E - Logic Diagrams 69.
70 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual Fig. E-3 - Keyboard, Decodi ng, Audio Oscillator, and Cassette Interface Circuits.
Appendix E - Logic Diagram's 71 Fig. E-4 - RAM Circuits.
Fig. E-5 - Power Supply Circuit and Byte Input/Output I nterface 72 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manuel.
Fig. E-5 - Power Supply Circult and Byte Input/Output I nterface 72 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual.
73 Appendix F - Board Layout, Parts List, and Expansion Notes 1. Printed Circuit Bo ard Layout 2 . Part s Li s t f o r R C A COS MA C V IP C DP18 S7 11.
74 , RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual.
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Appendix F - Board Layout, Parts List, and Assembly Instructions -76 2. Parts List for RCA COSMAC VIP CDP18S711 Type Number Qty. Description Integrated Circuits - Supplied CDP1802 Ul 1 COSMAC Micropro.
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76 RCA COSMAC VIP Instruction Manual 2. Parts List for RCA COSM AC VIP CDP18S711 (Continued) Type Number Qty. Description Resistors - Suppli ed (1 /4 W except as noted ) RI 1 3 .
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regulator IC) to the card together with an appropriate heat sink. Make sure the U28 lea d pads on t he PC DC card don't touch the heat sink. Disc onnect the +5 V supply at the + V DC and GND pads and con nect your unregulated 8-10 V DC power supply to these pads.
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In een situatie waarin je al een beziter van RCA CDP18S711 bent, maar toch heb je de instructies niet gelezen, moet je het doen voor de hierboven beschreven redenen. Je zult dan weten of je goed de alle beschikbare functies heb gebruikt, en of je fouten heb gemaakt die het leven van de RCA CDP18S711 kunnen verkorten.
Maar de belangrijkste taak van de handleiding is om de gebruiker bij het oplossen van problemen te helpen met RCA CDP18S711 . Bijna altijd, zal je daar het vinden Troubleshooting met de meest voorkomende storingen en defecten #MANUAl# samen met de instructies over hun opplosinge. Zelfs als je zelf niet kan om het probleem op te lossen, zal de instructie je de weg wijzen naar verdere andere procedure, bijv. door contact met de klantenservice of het dichtstbijzijnde servicecentrum.
