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http://www.3com.com/ Part No. DUA-WXM10-AAA01 Published June 2 005 Wir eless LAN Mobility System W ir eless LAN Switch Manager User’ s Guide 3CRWXR10095A, 3CR WX120695A, 3CRWX44 0095A.
3Com Corporati on 350 Campus Drive Marlborough, MA USA 01752-3064 Copyright © 2 005, 3Com Corporatio n. All rights reserved . No part of this documen tatio n may be repro duced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without writt en permission fr om 3Com Cor poration.
C ONTENTS A BOUT T HIS G UIDE Conventions 9 Documentation 10 Documentation Comments 11 1 G ETTING S TARTED Hardwar e Requir ements for 3WXM Cl ient 13 Hardwar e Requir ements for 3WXM Services 14 Soft.
2 P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IR ELESS N ETWORK WITH 3WXM Overview 29 Which Services T o Pr ovide? 30 Network Plan 31 RF Coverage Area 31 RF Auto-T uning 3 2 RF Auto-T uning with Modelling 32 RF P.
3 C ONFIGURING W IR ELESS S ERVICES Overview 51 Configur e Employ ee Access Servic es 52 Ta s k Ta b l e 5 2 Step Summary 56 Example: Configur e Employee Access 57 Create a Service Pr ofile 57 Create .
5 U SING RF A UTO -T UNING WITH M ODELLING Overview 99 Add Site Information 1 00 Insert RF Obstacles 104 Creat e Y our RF Coverage Ar ea 106 Create a Wiring Closet 106 Create Y our RF Coverage Ar ea 1.
7 M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Overview 143 Deploy Y our Configurati on 144 Perform Basic Admini strative T asks 146 Configuring WX Ma nagement Services 146 Distributing Image and Configur.
I NDEX.
A BOUT T HIS G UIDE This manual shows you ho w to plan , configure, deploy , and manage a Mobility System wireless LAN (WL AN) using the 3Com Wireless LAN Switch Manage r (3WXM). Read this manual if you are a network administrator or a person responsible for managing a WLAN.
10 C HAPTER : A BOUT T HIS G UIDE This manual uses the follo wi ng text and syntax conventions: Documentation The 3WXM documentation set includes the following documents. Wireless LAN Switch Manage r (3WXM) Release Notes These notes provide information about the system software release, including new features and bug fixes.
Documentation Comments 11 Wireless LAN Switch Ma nager Refere nce Manual This manual shows you how to plan , configure, deploy , and manage a Mobility System wireless LAN (WL AN) using the 3Com Wireless LAN Switch Manage r (3WXM).
12 C HAPTER : A BOUT T HIS G UIDE.
1 G ETTING S TARTED This chapter contain s informat ion about recommended system requir ements you should meet for optimum 3WXM performance, installing 3WXM client and 3WXM Ser vices softwar e, and an introduction to using the 3WXM interface.
14 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED Ha rdw are Requirements for 3WXM Services T able 4 shows th e minimum and recommended r equirements to run the 3WXM Services in Windows.
Preparing for Installation 15 Preparing for Installation Before you install 3WXM, make sure you have the appropriate administrative privileges on the system and a license key if r equired.
16 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED Once the activation key has been accept ed, you may enter an Unlimited Device license key . This will r equire its own activation key , which can be obtained in the same manner .
Preparing for Installation 17 application share 3WXM Services to access network plans and monitoring information. See Figure 1. Figure 1 3WXM Services in Shar ed Mode During the 3WXM installation, you can select to install the 3WXM Services and 3WXM client, or the client only .
18 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED Installing 3WXM The same 3WXM install pr ogram installs either just the 3WXM client or both the 3WXM client and 3WXM Services.
Installing 3WXM 19 Connect 3WXM Clients to 3WXM Services T o connect t he client to Services: 1 Select Start > Programs > 3Com > 3WXM > 3WXM . The 3WXM Services Connection wizard is displayed. 2 Enter the IP address or fully-qualified hostname of the machine on which the service is installed.
20 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED T o configure 3WXM Services: 1 Select To o l s > 3WXM Services Setup dialo g box fr om the 3WXM main tool bar . The 3WXM Services Setup wizar d is displayed.
Installing 3WXM 21 On each switch in the network plan, you must enable notifications and configure 3WXM Services as a not ification target (trap receiver). 3WXM Serv ices does not start listening for SNMP notifications from switches until you save the network plan .
22 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED 3 Select Add Admin Account, Add Pr ovision Account , or Add Monitor Account . A dialog box is displayed. 4 Enter the account name and the password and click OK .
3WXM Interface 23 4 Information panel displays in formation about an object you select from the navigation tree under the Organizer panel. The information is dependent upon the object selected. The Network Activity ico n displays statistics for management traffic between 3WXM and the WX switches in the network plan.
24 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED Using Menu Bar and T oolbars The Main window and individual panels have a menu b ar at the top to select certain actions. Select an item fr om the menu bar , then select an action from the dropdown menu. See Figur e 3.
3WXM Interface 25 Easy Configuration Using Wizards Wizards help walk administrators through configuration steps. There ar e several wizards in th e 3WXM application. Enter the required fields and click Next at the bottom of the wizard to display the next step.
26 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED Shortcut to Wizards and Editing Properties Shortcuts are built into the 3WXM in terface to quickly ac cess wizards and for editing properties for selected objects. T o use shortcuts: 1 Right-click an object from the topol ogy tr ee in the Organizer panel.
3WXM Interface 27 Getting Help Click Help from the Main menu bar to access dif ferent types of help: 1 Select Help > 3WXM Help to display HTML help about configuring and using 3WXM. 2 Select Help > Licensing to view product licensing information, o r to add an Unlimited Device lice nse to the installation.
28 C HAPTER 1: G ETTING S TARTED.
2 P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IR ELESS N ETWORK WITH 3WXM This chapter contain s information about planning and man aging your wireless network with 3WXM. Planning your wir eless network is highly recommended because it not only helps you configure and deploy it, but also aids in scaling and monitoring your network.
30 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Which Services T o Provide? A service is a concept (not a selectable item in the 3WXM interface) that repr esents a set of options you configure and deploy on your wir eless network.
Network Plan 31 Network Plan A network plan is the workspace in 3WXM you use to design a wireless network. Y ou can better manage and visualize your network top ology by creating a detail ed and acc urate ne twork pla n.
32 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM RF Auto-T uning with Modelling , as with the RF Auto-T uning technique, lets you set the auto tuning feature to adjust power and channel settings to provide RF sign als to the coverage area for your users.
RF Coverage Area 33 RF Planning T o do RF Planning, you provide detaile d information about your site and buildings by importing AutoCAD DXF™, AutoCAD DWG, JPEG, or GIF floor plan files of the buildings into 3WXM. As you import the floor plans, you can modify them to add or remove RF obstacles.
34 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Use the RF Auto-T uning with Modelling te chnique if yo u want to better monitor your wireless network in terms of buildings, floors, or coverage ar eas.
Configuration 35 If RF Planning does not fit your requ irements now , you can always use the RF Planning technique in t he future when you have the need, the time, and the necessary floor plan s available. Y ou also can leverage the data in RF Auto-T uning and conver t these RF measurements to configured baseline values for planning.
36 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM This section contains infor mation about: “W ir eless Configuration” on page 36 “AAA Security Configuration” .
Configuration 37 Y ou must configure a radio pr ofile to set attributes that you can apply to multiple radios. Rather than conf iguring each radio individually , you create a radio profile and apply it to multiple radios that you select.
38 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM If services ar e being used for c ustomer corporate entities (e.g. dif fer ent airlines on an airport wireless net), then they w ould pr obably use 802.1X and strong encryption with web guest access for their airport club guests.
Configuration 39 Figure 8 Authentication Flowchart for Netw ork Users last-resort? web? none? Client associates with 3Com radio or requests access from wired authentication port Use fallthru authentication Ye s No Ye s Ye s Ye s Ye s No Ye s Ye s No No No No Client requests encrypted SSID? Client 802.
40 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Authorization Authorization is the method for providing users with specific rights to the network by associating attribute-valu e (A V) pairs to the user . AAA authorization works by assemblin g a se t of attributes that describe what the user is authorized to pe rform.
Configuration 41 Using the default Mobility Domain or one you create, add a WX switch to the network plan that is a me mber or seed device of the Mobility Domain. Y ou can then configure that WX, or you can just add it to the network plan, and configu r e it later .
42 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Basic configuration also includes specifying how you will manage the switch.
Deployment 43 T o physically install MAPs: 1 Instruct the cabling installer to run the Cat. 5 Ether net cable from the closest wiring closet to intended location of the MAP . 2 Unpack the MAP , and select the appr opriate mounting kit for your installation location.
44 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Management and Monitoring Understanding the manage ment an d monitoring t ools available in 3WXM can help you to quickly iden.
Management and Monitoring 45 Y ou can display a topology view of your network, includ ing the state and relationship of devices. Y ou can ri ght -mouse click on a device in the topology to display the status of that device.
46 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Y ou also can d isplay tr ending information on a per -radio basis. T rending collects radio statistics and charts them on a time ba sis. For example, you could display average throughput rates for th e pr evious 30 days, week, or day .
Management and Monitoring 47 Rogue lifecycle events (when the rogue was first seen, by whom, and when it went away) Counter -measure activity The number of currently detected r ogue s is conveniently displayed in the Alerts panel.
48 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM Ta b l e 8 3WXM Reports Report Desc ription Configur ation Reports Inventory Report Provides information about the WX switches and MAPs in your network. Mobility domain configur ation Pro vides a configur ation overview, providing data that spans multipl e WX switches.
RF Plan Optimization 49 RF Plan Optimization RF Plan Optimization is the importing of RF measurement data into an RF model to improve the accuracy of the model. A network plan contain s the configuration settings that determine the performan ce of your wir eless netw ork.
50 C HAPTER 2: P LANNING AND M ANAGING Y OUR W IRELESS N ETWO RK WITH 3WXM.
3 C ONFIGURING W IR ELESS S ERVICES Overview A service is a concept (not a selectable item in the 3wxm inter face) that repr esents a set of options you conf igur e and d eploy on your wir eless network.
52 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Configure Employee Access Services Services for Employee access are typi cally configur ed to provide secure, encrypted access to the wireless network.
Configure Employee Access Services 53 . Ta b l e 9 Creating a Service for Employee Access Task Path Primary Parameters to Conf igure “Step Summary” on page 56 Expand the WX switch icon in the Organizer panel; right-click Servic e Prof iles > Insert > Service Profile .
54 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES “Configure RADIUS Servers” on page 61 Expand the WX switch icon in the Organizer pan el, right-click AAA > Edit ; then click RADIUS 1 From RADIUS.
Configure Employee Access Services 55 “Specify Network Access Rules” on page 64 Expand the AAA icon in the Organizer panel; right-click Network Access Rules > Insert > 802.1X Netw ork Access . 1 From 802.1X Network Ac cess tab: User Glob: enter ** SSID: enter SSID name 2 From 802.
56 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Step Summary The following list summarizes the fields selected or conf iguration items entered in the example that follows to configure Employee access: 1 Create a service pr ofile.
Configure Employee Access Services 57 Click 802.1X Policy tab. Sele ct Enabled. Set EAP T ype to Pass-Through. Click Choose Available. Select the RADIUS server gr oup. Click Finish . Click Finish again. 6 Setup VLANs on the WX switches. From the Cr eate VLANs wizar d, click VLAN Setup.
58 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES T o create a service pr ofile: 1 Expand the WX switch icon in th e Organizer panel, and select Service Profiles > Insert > Service Pr ofile . The Create Service Profile wizard is displayed. 2 Enter the service profile and SSID name s, and select SSID T ype Encrypted.
Configure Employee Access Services 59 6 Click next to WP A to en able it. The 802.1X Auth Enabled and TKIP Enabled options are automatically selected when you enable WP A. 7 Click Finish . The service profile Employees is displayed in the Or ganizer pa nel.
60 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES MAPs (and consequently , radios) ne ed to be added to 3WXM after creating a radio pr ofile. For mor e info rmation about adding r adios, r efer to one o.
Configure Employee Access Services 61 5 Click Finish to save the changes and close the wizar d. Configure RADIUS Servers Remote Authentication Dial-In User Se rvice (RADIUS) is a client-ser ver security protocol that provides authentication, authorization, and accounting for network users and device s.
62 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES T o configure the RADIUS server in 3WXM: 1 Expand the WX switch icon in the Organizer panel, right-click on AAA , and select Edit . The Modify AAA wizard is displayed. 2 Click RADIUS to display the Modify RADIUS wizar d, and click Next .
Configure Employee Access Services 63 Configure Attributes on the RADIUS Server T o authenticate users, you will need to configure users either in the local database or on RADIUS servers. T o configure services for Employee access, the following items should be configured on the RADIUS server .
64 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 4 Configure each user r ecord with authorization rules (username and password) and with either the Vlan-Name attribut e (3Com VSA) or the RADIUS T unnel-Private-Group-ID to assign users to VLANs. Other attributes are optional.
Configure Employee Access Services 65 4 From the 802.1X Policy tab, select Enabled and Pass-Through as the EAP T ype . This option uses the RADIUS servers to perform all the EAP and AAA processing. An EAP certificate does not need to be installed on the WX switch.
66 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 6 Click Choose A vailable and select the RADIUS server group from the dropdown list. 7 Click Finish to close the Modify AAA wizar d. Set Up VLANs on WX Switches WX switches in a Mobility Domain c ontain a user’ s traf fic within the VLAN the user is assigned to.
Configure Employee Access Services 67 Y ou can configure the Spanning T ree Protocol (STP) on a VLAN. STP is used to maintain a loop-free networ k; meaning, devices will r ecognize a loop in the topology and block one or more r edundant paths, creating a loop-free path.
68 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 4 Click Next . The VLAN Member Selection page is displayed. 5 From the Avail able Members pane, sele ct the network ports that will be used to reach the router interfa ce and click Ad d . If the network port is an 802.
Configure Guest Access Services 69 Configure Guest Access Services Guest access is access for visitors at y our location and is typically clear (no encryption) .
70 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Ta s k Ta b l e T able 11 contains the tasks you need to perform to cr eate Guest access services. For a summary of configur able items, see “S tep Summary ” on page 71.
Configure Guest Access Services 71 Step Summary The following list summarizes the fiel ds selected or configuration items entered configure Guest access. 1 Create a service pr ofile. From the Service Pr ofile wizar d, enter “GuestsSrvcProf” as the Name of the service profile and “Guests” as the SSID.
72 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 3 Configure local authentication. From the Local User Database wizar d, click User Group . Select New > User Gr oup , and enter a gr oup na me and a VLAN name. Add users to the group. Click Choose A vailable or New to add users.
Configure Guest Access Services 73 For detailed information about the step s, see the cross-r eferences in the “T ask T able” on page 70. New configu ration items that were not part of the example “Configure Employee Access Ser vices” on page 52 are included in the followin g sections.
74 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES All —Include all MAP or wired authentication ports. Go to step 13. Selected —Include a selected list of ports. Go to the next step. None —Include no ports. Go to step 13. 7 Click Choose A vailable .
Configure Guest Access Services 75 MAC addr ess users—These users ar e authenticate d by a MAC address. For example, de vices such as PDAs or cellular phones that do not support 802.1X authent ication ar e identified when the WX switch discovers the MAC addresses of thes e devices fr om received frames.
76 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 3 Click Choose A vailable to select users to add to the user group, or click Create to cr eate new users. 4 Enter the user’ s Name and user’ s Password. Select the User Gr oup to which the user belongs.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 77 For information about deploying your configu ration and enabling monitoring your network, refer to: “Managing and Monitoring Y our Network” on page 143. Configure V oice over Wireless IP Service V oice over W ir eless IP (V oWIP) is a new technology , merging V oIP (V oice over IP) with 802.
78 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Ta s k Ta b l e T able 12 contains the tasks you need to perform to create V oWIP access services. For a summary of configur able items, see “Step Summa ry” on page 81.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 79 “Configure Local Authentication” on page 82 or Configure authentication using RADIUS Expand the WX switch icon in the Organizer panel, right-click > .
80 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES “Specify Network Access Rules” on page 64 Expand the AAA icon in the Organizer panel; right-clic k Network Access Rules > Insert > MAC Network.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 81 Step Summary The following list summarizes the fiel ds selected or configuration items entered in the example that follows to configu r e V oWIP access: 1 Create a service pr ofile. From the Service Profile wizard, enter “V oWIP” as the Name of the service profile and “V oWIP” as the SSID.
82 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Click VLAN Member Selection tab. Fr om A vailabl e Members, select the VLAN name for the V oWIP phones. Select port(s) to reach other ports on the V oWIP VLAN or the V oWIP gateway/PBX. Click Add.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 83 MAC addr ess users—These users ar e authenticate d by a MAC address. For example, de vices such as PDAs or cellular phones that do not support 802.1X authent ication ar e identified when the WX switch discovers the MAC addresses of thes e devices fr om received frames.
84 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES Configure Access Control Lists Y ou can control access using security access contr ol lists (ACLs). Security ACLs permit or de ny traf fic based on IP pr otocol, IP addr esses and, optionally , TCP or UDP port.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 85 Example: Creating an ACL for SpectraLink Wir eless Phones The following example illustrates how to define an ACL on a WX switch in an environment where SpectraLink ® wireless phones ar e used.
86 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES 4 Click New . Se lect IP ACE . Create a second ACE as a “catch-all” ACE, permitting other traffic to pass at a normal priority through the WLAN. 5 Click Finish . The Create ACL wizard is displayed again with the two ACEs displayed.
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 87 6 Click Finish to save the ACL. 7 Click ACL Map at the top of the Create ACL wizar d to map the ACL. Map the ACL to ports (or port groups), VLANs, or virtual ports. Y ou cannot map an ACL to an MAP port or a wir ed authentication port.
88 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES This ACE (as well as the next one) matches the DiffServ codepoints that Avaya equipment uses for call setup and call control traffic. Select 7 for the CoS value to map the ACL to an elev ated priority .
Configure Voice over Wireless IP Service 89 d Click New . Se lect New IP ACE . This ACE is a generic “catch-all,” pe rmitting other traffic to pass at a normal priority through the WLAN. Click Finish . 4 The ACL properties are displayed. 5 Click Finish to save the ACL.
90 C HAPTER 3: C ONFIGURING W IRELESS S ERVICES What’ s Next? After you create V oWIP access servic es, you can cr eate another service. For information about configuring an additional service, r ef.
4 U SING RF A UTO -T UNING Overview RF Auto-T uning is a technique you ca n use to configure your RF (radio) network. RF Auto-T uning is a quick method that requir es minimal configuration and no RF planning or site surveys, and instead, relies on the AutoT une feature to set MA P channels and power settings.
92 C HAPTER 4: U SING RF A UTO -T UNING Place Y our Equipment Y ou will need to unpack and physical ly install your WX switches and MAPs. For inf ormation ab out instal ling your eq uipment, se e “Equipme nt Installation” on page 42.
Upload the WX Switch Configur ation into a 3WXM Network Plan 93 T o upload th e WX switch configuration into a 3WXN network plan: 1 From the main 3WXM window , select File > New . Th e Options wizard appears. 2 Enter a name for your network plan, select a Country Code, and click Finish .
94 C HAPTER 4: U SING RF A UTO -T UNING 6 The certificate is verified, and the WX switch added to 3WXM. 7 The WX switch is now visible in the Equipment section of the Organizer panel on the left side of the 3WXM main window .
Create a Radio Profile and Map t he Service Profile to It 95 2 Click Wireless . Click Service Profile and select New Service Profi le . 3 Enter the name and SSID for the se rvice profile, and the type of encryption. 4 Select whether you want to Be acon (advertise) this SSID.
96 C HAPTER 4: U SING RF A UTO -T UNING 5 Click the Service Pr ofile Se lection tab. 6 Select the service profile that you want to map to the radio profile, and click Add . 7 Click Finish to save the radio pr ofile configuration. 8 Click Finish again to close the Modify Switch wizard.
Create Your MAPs 97 Create Y our MAPs Depending on how your MAPs are connected to a WX switch, you need to create a direct connect MAP or a distributed MAP in your network plan in 3WXM. A direct connect MAP is connected to the wired network through a direct 10/100 Ether net connection to a WX sw itch.
98 C HAPTER 4: U SING RF A UTO -T UNING Apply a Radio Profile to Each Radio When you create a MAP , a new radio (or radios, depending upon the type of MAP cr eated) are added in to 3WXM. T he radi os use the d efault radio profile in 3WXM unless you cr eate a new radio pr ofile and apply it to each radio on the MAP .
5 U SING RF A UTO -T UNING WITH M ODELLING Overview RF Auto-T uning with modelling is a technique you can use to conf igur e and implement your network that b uilds on the RF Auto-T uning method.
100 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING Add Site Information By addi ng minimal informati on about your bui ldings an d floors at your site, you support improved monito ring for your network. Y ou can manually add building and flo or information or you can import a floor .
Add Site Information 10 1 4 Click Next to configure building information. The Building page appears..
102 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING T o create a building: 1 Click New Building to add a building to the site . The Cr eate Building wizard appears. 2 In the Building Name box, type the name of the building (1 to 30 alphanumeric characters, with no spaces or tabs).
Add Site Information 10 3 5 In the Skip Floor Levels box, specify floor numbers you want to skip. Skipping floors is usef ul when you wa nt to model only certain f loors in a building. T o enter a list of floors, use commas to separate the floor numbers (example: 1,3,7).
104 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING Insert RF Obstacles Add major RF obstacles that will affect the placement of your MAPs, such as solid walls, barriers , or el evator shafts. T o add RF obstacles: 1 The Organizer panel is disp layed on the left.
Insert RF Obstacles 10 5 6 Click on the A , B , or G icon on the Floor View bar to display the co verage area for that technology ..
106 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING Create Y our RF Coverage Ar ea T o create your RF coverage area, you create a wiring closet (mandatory if you have direct MAPs in your plan), designate an ar ea for RF coverage, and add your distributed MAPs or direct MAP s to the coverage area.
Create Your RF Coverage Area 10 7 Create Y our RF Coverage Area T o create your RF coverage ar ea: 1 From the Modify Building wizard, click Pla n RF coverage . 2 Select a shape from Insert Ar eas, and draw the RF coverage area you want to add to the floor by clicking and dragging the mouse.
108 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING 5 Enter a name for the ar ea. 6 Click Next . 7 Select your Mobility Domain, Radio Profile , and Service Profile . If you do not have a Service Profile , click Cr eate to create a Service Profile and associate the Service Profile to a Radio Profile.
Create Your RF Coverage Area 10 9 9 The coverage area is now displayed on your floor . Add MAPs Add your direct MAPs or distributed MAPs to your network. T o add direct MAPs or distributed MAPs to your network: 1 If you have not already done so, create a wiring closet and associate you r WX switches to the closet.
110 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING Associate MA Ps to the Coverage Area Associate both your distributed MAPs and dir ect MAPs to a coverage area on the floor . T o associate MAPs to the coverage ar ea: 1 In the Organizer panel, expand Sites .
Create Your RF Coverage Area 11 1 4 In the Sites section of the Organizer panel, right-click on the building and select Edit . The Modify B uilding wiz ard is displa yed. Click on Plan RF Coverage at the top of the wizard. View the MAPs that have been associated to the coverage area.
112 C HAPTER 5: U SING RF A UTO -T UNIN G WITH M ODELLING 6 The MAP is shown on your floor plan. What’ s Next? This section provides cross r eferences to information on the following tasks: “U.
6 U SING RF P LANNING Overview RF Planning is a technique you can use to import detailed information about your site into 3WXM, add RF obstacle information and third-party APs, and configure your RF coverage area at a finer level than is possible using the RF Auto-T uning with modelling technique.
114 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING Prepar e the Floor Drawings If your floor drawings are contained in JPEG or GIF files, this step does not apply . Go directly to “Define Site Information” on pag e 115.
Define Site Information 115 After you import the file into 3WXM, you have the opportunity t o r emove any unnecessary objects overlooked during your init ial pr eparation of the floor drawings. T o do this, you can use the Clean Layout feature and other editing tools in the Building wizard.
116 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 4 In the Network Plan Name box, type a n ame for the network plan. Y ou can use 1 to 60 alphanumeric characters, with no spaces, tabs, or any of the following: slash (/), backslash ( ), quotation marks (“ ”), asterisk (*), question mark (?), angle brackets (< >), or vertical bar (|).
Define Site Information 117 7 If 3WXM detected third-party (non- 3COm) APs, they appear in the Third Party AP list. If you want to in clude any of the listed thir d-party APs in your network plan, click Choose Available and select the APs fr om the list.
118 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING.
Define Site Information 119 T o configure building information: 1 Click New Building to add a building to the site . The Cr eate Building wizard appears. 2 In the Building Name box, type the name of the building (1 to 30 alphanumeric characters, with no spaces or tabs).
120 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 7 Select the Floor Defaults tab to modify floor defaults, such as ceiling height, ceiling type (ceiling building material), unit of measur ement, and ceiling attenuation. Click Apply Changes . The default attenuation for ceilings is 10 dB for 802.
Define Site Information 121 T o import a floor plan : 1 Click the Import Floor Layout button on the Layout tab. Browse to the file you wish to import. The floor plan is imported. Set the Scale Set the scale on your floor plan to better define the distance between objects in your netw ork.
122 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING c Click OK . Y ou may want to zoom in the object to be used to define th e scale to make this task easier . Clean Layout Clean up your floor drawings further if unnecessary objects still r emain after your initial floor drawing cleanup.
Define Site Information 123 Select the items you w ould like to remove fr om the floor plan. Select the layers you want to affect..
124 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 3 Click Next . Cleanup progr ess is displayed at the bottom of the wizard. 4 Y ou can display a Before Cleanup and After Cleanup view when cleanup is complete. 5 When you are satisfied with the results, click Fi nish .
Model RF Obstacles 125 Model RF Obstacles When planning a 3Com network, you need to consider how the building layout and physical object s af fect si gnal loss. W alls, windows, and doors absorb RF signals, and differ ent building materials have differ ent attenuation facto rs.
126 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING T o c r eate RF obstacles for al l objects in a layer: 1 The Organizer panel is disp layed on the left. Expand Sites , right-click on a building, and select Edit . The Modify Building wizard is displayed. 2 Select the Edit Content tab.
Import a Site Survey 127 Import a Site Survey Y ou can import RF measurement data by means of a site survey done outside of 3WXM. Using the Site Survey Order report fr om 3WXM, a map is created of your site that can be used in an Ekahau site surve y .
128 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING T o add a wiring closet : 1 The Organizer panel is disp layed on the left. Expand Sites , right-click on a building, and select Edit . The Modify Building wizard is displayed. 2 Click the Plan RF Coverage tab; then click the Door icon under Wiring Closet/Miscellaneous .
Plan RF Coverage 129 Cr eate Coverage Areas The RF coverage area is the geographi cal area in your network you define for RF coverage. As you conf igur e th e RF coverage area, consider the amount of bandwidth required for the ar ea, as well as the number of users.
130 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 4 Specify the coverage ar ea properties. T o plan for capacity , check Capacity , select the number of users in the Expected Station Count , and leave the Data Rates baseline at the default. T o plan for coverage, unch eck Capacity (if checked), and set baseline for Data Rates to the lowest value.
Plan RF Coverage 131 5 Click Next . 6 Specify the associa tion information for th e coverage area. Click Create or Modify beside Radio Pr ofile . Specify a radio profile. Click Choose A vailable beside Service Profile List . Specify a service profile.
132 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 9 Specify additional area constraints. Select the WX T ype and the Default MAP to be used in the network. Select how the MAPs are connected from the MAP Connection T ype dr op-down list.
Plan RF Coverage 133 10 Click Finish . The RF co verage ar ea is displayed on the floo r plan..
134 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING Compute and Place MAPs When you perform Compute and Place for one or more coverage areas, 3WXM automatically calculates th e number of MAP access points you requir e and places them in appropriate locations on the floor .
Plan RF Coverage 135 4 The Building wizard d isplays the locati on for the MAPs in each coverage area. 5 Click Next ..
136 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING Assign Channel Settings After identifying the MAP access poin ts r equir ed for a coverage area, you need to assign channels to the MAP access points. Appropriate assignment of channels acr oss the floor minimizes co-channel interfer ence.
Plan RF Coverage 137 3 T o chan ge the starting floor for channel assignment, select the floor from Begin On Floor . By default, 3WXM starts at the top floor and works down. 4 T o chan ge the ending floor for channel assignment, select the floor fr om End On Floor .
138 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 7 Click Next . The Channel Assig nment Pr ogress page appears. 8 Review the results. The 802.11a channel assignments ar e listed on the 802.11a Radio(s) tab. The 802.11b/g channel assignments are listed on the 802.11b/g Radio(s) tab.
Plan RF Coverage 139 3 Y ou can checkbox Optimize AP Count . Use this option if you moved or added MAP access points on the floor plan after computing and placin g th em, or if you changed an MAP to model MP-262. This option is disabled by default. 4 Select Compute Power for th e ar eas for which you w ant to compute power .
140 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING Data Rate—Coverage is shown in colored bands that r epresent each of the data transmit rates supported by the radio. These rates are standard for each radio type. RSSI—Coverage is shown based on the received signal str ength indicati on (RSSI ) of the ra dio’ s signal heard by other radios.
Generate a Work Order 141 Generate a Work Order Y ou can generate a work order as part of your wir eless network planning. The work order provides all of the necessary information for the physical installation of the 3Com Mo bility System.
142 C HAPTER 6: U SING RF P LANNING 5 T o select the directory to which th e work order report is saved, click Choose . The Select dialog box appears. 6 Click Generate Work Or der . The work order is saved in the directory you specified in the format WO _scope_name_da te .
7 M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Overview This chapter provides information to help you deplo y the services you configured for your wireless network, enable communication between a 3WXM client and 3WXM Services, a nd enable and configur e monitoring.
144 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Deploy Y our Configuration Any changes you make to your network in 3WXM ar e saved when you save the network plan on the server , but the changes are not applied to your network until they are deployed.
Deploy Your Configuration 145 a If you want to confirm that SNMP traps are enabled, expand the WX switch icon i n the Orga nizer pane l, right-click on SNMP , then select Edit . Click Notification Profile, select the pr ofile, then click Modify to display the notification (trap or info rm) setting for each notification type in the pr ofile.
146 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK T o verify your deployment : 1 Select a WX switch from the Organizer panel. 2 Select the Status Summary tab. Up status (green) confirms a successful deploy . Perform Basic Administrative Ta s k s This sectio n contains information about basic administrati ve tasks you can perform in 3WXM.
Perform Basic Administrative Tasks 147 Logging—The system log provides event information for monitoring and troubleshooting. Y ou can send the lo g information to a local data buffer on a WX, to the console, to a T elnet session, and to a configured set of syslog servers.
148 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Using the Image Repository Use the image repository to add or dele te WX system images. The image file is checked and its version is verified when added to the image repository . Ima ges ar e stored in the 3WXM_installation_director y xmlimages dir ectory .
Perform Basic Administrative Tasks 149 2 In the Mobility Domain Selection list, select the Mobility Domain of the WX switch or switches you want to distribute images to. If the switches are not in a Mobility Domain, select None. 3 Select a WX or multiple WX switches.
150 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK T o distribute a WX config uration file: 1 In the main 3WXM window , select Manage > Distribute Images & Configuration .
Perform Basic Administrative Tasks 151 3 Click Next . The status of the saving process appears. 4 Click Finish . Saving Network Plans Automatically By default, 3WXM uses the autosave feature to automatically sa ve changes to a network plan at re gular intervals whi le you are working.
152 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK 3 T o replace existing WX switch info rmation in 3WXM with information from the configurati on file, select Overwrite E xisting WX Switc hes . 4 Click Select Files . The Select Files T o Import dialog box appears.
Monitoring Exampl es 153 6 T o include the default configuratio n commands in the exported file, select Export Defaults . 7 Select the format for the exported file: CLI (ASCII) or XML . 8 For each WX whose configuration y ou want to export, make sure the Export checkbox is selected.
154 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Find the User Y ou can find a user or multiple users based on the following criteria: Username MAC address IP address VLAN name T o find the user: 1 Select Monitor > New Monitor from the toolbar in the main 3WXM window .
Monitoring Exampl es 155 Place User on W atch List If viewing the user’ s cu rr ent activity does not conclusively indicate the source of the pr oblem, you can place the user on a watch list. Statistics polled for a watch list are gathered over time—up to 30 days.
156 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK 6 The user’ s location is shown as a contour on the floor plan. The user is somewhere on that contour line.
Monitoring Exampl es 157 Display User Ac tivity Y ou can display the event types disp layed for the user . Disassociation events can occur , and users dropped from the network. These events can indicate the reason why access is ba rred or performance slow for the user .
158 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK View Long-T erm User Statistics If the user’ s complaint cannot be tr aced to a specific problem using current statistics, you can view user activity for the next 30 days. T o view long-term user statistics: 1 Click on the Client W atch Li st tab and select the user .
Monitoring Exampl es 159 3 Select the T rend: Session Stats tab to display Operational Rate, SNR, and RSSI statistics. Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) statis tics can help you determine whether the interference is being created by to o much noise on a channel.
160 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK A high number of T ransmit Timeouts for either the Cur r ent MAP or Lifetime of the user can indicate interference pr oblems. 5 Select the Location History tab to view wher e the user has been roa mi ng .
Monitoring Exampl es 161 Monitor a Gro up of Users If a group of users in a specific area of a floor notify you that they ar e experiencing poor p erformance, targ et a radio or multiple radios, and view the noise and events. RF statistics are found under the RF Monitor and RF T rends tabs.
162 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK T o view trends: 1 Expand the WX switch icon in the Equipment section of the Organizer panel, then expand Ports/MAPs . Expand a MAP , and select a radio. Go to Monitor > New Monitor and select RF T r ends from the Select a View drop-down list on the Mo nitor tab.
Monitoring Exampl es 163 Monitor a Rogue MAP radios automatically scan th e RF spectrum for other devices transmitting in the same sp ectrum. Th e RF scans discover other radios, some of which may not be in the network plan. MSS considers the non-planned radios to be potential rogues, and places them on a rogue list.
164 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK T o locate a rogue: 1 From the Alerts panel, click on Rogue Detection . The Rogue Detection tab is displayed, containing the current rogue list. 2 View statistics on a single rogue. Select a rogue fr om the Rogue List.
Monitoring Exampl es 165.
166 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK Configuring Countermeasures Y ou can enable MSS to use countermeasures against rogues. Countermeasures consist of packets that inte rfer e with a client’ s ability to use the rogue. Countermeasures ar e disabled by default.
Monitoring Exampl es 167 6 T o en able countermeasures against r ogues detected by radios managed by this profile, select one of the following fr om the Countermeasures T ype pu ll-down list: None—Radios do not use countermeasures. This is the default.
168 C HAPTER 7: M ANAGING AND M ONITORING Y OUR N ETWORK T o verify that co untermeasur es are being taken against the rogue: 1 Select a rogue fr om the Rogue List in the Rogue Detection tab. Click th e Activity Log tab. 2 The Status column will show countermeasure activity .
8 O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN Overview Optimizing your network is a post- deployment tec hnique. Y ou can optimize your WLAN by importing RF measurement data to corr ect RF attenuatio n obstacle informat ion in your network plan.
170 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN The following sections describe ho w to import RF measurements from your network, or how to import RF measurements from an Ekahau site survey .
Using RF Measurements from MAPs 171 5 Click Next . The import progress is displayed. When the import is done, check the T otal valid RF measurements found line in the progress messages. If the number is greater than 0, 3WXM successfully imported measurem ents.
172 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN Using RF Measur ements from an Ekahau Site Survey RF measurements come from a site survey file generated by the Ekahau Site Survey tool. T o perfo rm a site survey: In 3WXM—View your RF coverage area.
Using RF Measurements fro m an Ekahau Site Survey 17 3 Generating an Ekahau Site Survey Wor k Ord er The site survey order contains the locations and MAC addresses of the MAPs for use when conducting a site survey , and also provides a JPEG image of the floor .
174 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN 2 Select the scope for the work order . Y ou can select the network plan, a site, a building, or an individual floor .
Using RF Measurements fro m an Ekahau Site Survey 17 5 8 Browse to the output directory and locate the JPEG file. Copy this file and import it into your Ekahau Site Survey tool.
176 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN Importing RF Measurements fr om the Ekahau Site Survey After you complete the site survey , you import the csv file containing the RF measur ements fr om the Ekahau Si te Survey tool into your network plan.
Using RF Measurements fro m an Ekahau Site Survey 17 7 3 Click Import Measurements . The Import RF Measurements wizard appears. 4 Select File as the source of the measur ements (or , you can select both Network and File ). 5 Select the file format from the File Format listbox.
178 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN 9 Click Next . The import progress is displayed. When the import is done, check the T otal valid RF measurements found line in the progr ess messages. If the number is greater than 0, 3WXM successfully imported measurem ents.
Optimizing the RF Coverage Model 179 After you import your RF measurem ents, you correct the attenuation factors for the floor . Go to “Optimizing the R F Coverage Model” next for information about this topic. Optimizing the RF Coverage Model An attenuation library is a set of a ttenuation values for the RF obstacles on a floor .
180 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN 2 On the Optimize RF Coverage page of the Modify Building wizard, click Optimize . A wizard appears, listing the progress of the request.
Locating and Fix ing Coverage Holes 181 For RF obstacles cr eated by 3WXM, the description is auto-generated and the obstacle type is Other . Y ou can edit these values b y selecting the obstacle, clicking the Edit properties ic on to open the Modify RF O bstacle wizard, and modifying the values.
182 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN 3 In the Show RF coverage using listb ox , select how you want to display the coverage: Baseline Association Rate—Coverag e is shown based on the MAP radio baseline association rate. The baseline association rate is the typical data rate the radio is expected to support for client associations.
Locating and Fix ing Coverage Holes 183 Locking Down MAPs T o prevent 3WXM fr om moving a MAP on your network plan that you do not want to be redistributed, lock the MAP down.
184 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN Fixing a Coverage Hole After you import RF measurements, re build the attenuation lib rary , and display coverage, you can observe an y wireless coverage holes in the network.
What’s Next? 185 8 Click on the Objects to Place tab. 9 Click on the MAP icon, then click on th e location wher e you installed the MAP . The MAP icon moves fr om the Objects T o Place tab to its location on the floor .
186 C HAPTER 8: O PTIMIZING A N ETWORK P LAN.
I NDEX Numbers 3WXM software r equir ements 14 3WXM client 16 connecting to 3WXM monito ring service 19 ha rdwa re re qui rem ent s 13 installing 18 installing, preparing for 15 installing, resource a.
188 I NDEX distributed MAPs 97 creating 97 distributing system files 147 distributing WX software images 148 E Ekahau Site Survey tool 169 using RF measurements from 172 Ekahau Site Survey work order .
I NDEX 189 networks managing, overview 44 monitoring, clients 46 monitoring, logging 47 monitoring, overview 44 monitoring, reports 47 monitoring, RF area 45 monitoring, rogue detection 46 monitoring,.
190 I NDEX configuring, V oWIP 77 configuring, wireless services 35 definition of conc ept 51 process 29 shared mode 16 site surveys importing 127 sites adding 100 defining 115 software r equir ements.
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