Gebruiksaanwijzing /service van het product Recording Equipment van de fabrikant Fluke
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NetFlo w Tracker User’s Guide Version 3.1.3 May 2007 Copyright 2004 - 2007 Fluke Corporat ion. All rights reserved. All prod uct names a re trad emarks of their respective compa nies.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 2 Soft ware License Agr eeme nt This is a legal agre ement between you (“ You”/ “the End U ser””) , and Fluke Cor poration, a Washington.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 3 If You have pu rchased the m ainten ance and support serv ices from Fluke th en subj ect to payment of the support fees, Fluke shall provide such service s in respect of the Product in acco rdance w ith the pr ovisions o f the Sup port an d Maintenan ce Agreemen t conta ined in Appendi x 1.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 4 6 . CUSTO MER REMEDI ES You must call your Fluke representative for an authorization to return any item du ring the 90 day w arranty period refe.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 5 1 1. CONFIDENTIA L INFORMATION AND S ECURITY Durin g and after this Agree ment, the P arties wi ll keep i n conf idence an d use only for the purposes of this Ag reement al l Confide ntial Informat ion.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 6 14.4 If any prov isions o f the Agreem ent are hel d to be u nenfo rceable, illegal o r void in wh ole or in part the remain ing portions of the Agreement shal l remain in full force and effect. 14.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 7 Append ix 1 to End User Licence Term s and Conditi ons for Fluke Support and Mai ntenance S ervice 1.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 8 1.7 The con tents of the Schedu le form an integra l part of this Agreem ent an d shall h ave as full ef fect as if it were in corporated i n th.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 9 5.4 W ithout pre judice t o the generali ty of clause 5.3 and for t he avoidance of doubt, t o the fullest extent pe rmitted by l aw all term s .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 10 9 . Conf identi al Infor mation and Secu rity 9.1 Durin g and after this Agree ment, the P arties wi ll keep i n conf idence an d use only for the purposes of this Ag reement al l Confide ntial Informat ion.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 11 Schedul e Support Servic es 1. Sup por t Hours The Supp ort Hours during wh ich Fluk e shall su pply th e Support Servi ces sha ll be betw een 9.30am and 5pm on Worki ng Days. 2. Sup por t Servi ces Fluke shall p rovide You during the Support Hou rs with: 2.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 12 Contents INTRODUC TION 15 What is N etFlow ? 15 What is N etFlow Tr acker ? 15 Featu res and Bene fits 15 INSTALLATION 17 Minim um Syste m Requ.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 13 LONG-TERM REPORTS 35 Devices and Interfaces 35 P er-device and Per-interface Long-term Reports 35 Filter Editor 35 EXECUTIVE REPOR TS 37 REPOR .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 14 I P Application Names 68 DiffServ Names 68 Hostna me Resol uti on Set tings 68 AS Names 69 Subnet Na mes 69 Databa se Se ttings 69 Backup 71 Ar.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 15 Introduc tion This d ocumen t is the us er man ual for N etFl ow Tra cker, a sof tware produ ct de signed to collec t NetFlow infor mati on from Ci sco eq uip ment a nd pre sent it in a m eanin gful w ay.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 16 • Straigh tforw ard URL f or mat for l inking curren t, auto matic ally upd ated ch arts into other app licati ons. • Optimi zed dat abase struc ture ens ures fas t rep ort g enerati on under h eavy l oad.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 17 Inst allation Minimum System Requirements The ty pe of system requ ired to ru n NetFlow Trac ker depends on t he number of devices sendi ng NetF low infor mat ion to i t and the amoun t and na ture of tr affic h andl ed by those de vices .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 18 • NetFlow T racker conta ins an embedde d web server. Web se rvers norma lly run on port 80, but this may be in use by anoth er we b serve r on your s ystem. You can choose a different po rt during inst allation o r disable o ther web serve rs prior t o i nstalla tion if y ou wish .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 19 C ustom Setu p You wi ll only s ee this d ialog if you cho se cus tom set up abov e. You s hould see opti ons for NetF low Tra cker and MyS QL, u nless an unsupp orted versi on of MyS QL was detec ted.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 20 S et up SNMP co mmu nity stri ngs If any of the devi ces you i ntend m onitor ing do n ot use a read-on ly SNMP comm unity of “public” you will need to add their communities to the list in SNMP Setti ngs .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 21 Using NetFlow T racker Once you have insta lled NetFlow T racker an d configured y our devic es, data will be availab le with in a few minute s.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 22 D evice traffic meter s In addi tion to the orde rabl e columns ther e are two grap hical me ter col umns tha t allow you to ins tantl y see w hich d evices are curre ntly b usy.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 23 Per-AS data If your r outer us es BGP to rou te traff ic it wil l prov ide s ource and d esti nation origin o r peer AS number s in its NetFl ow dat a. NetFl ow Tra cker cre ates op timise d bi- directi onal charts for ea ch AS jus t as it d oes for e ach inter fac e.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 24 Z ooming in You can z oom in t o the c hart by cli cking the zo om in butt on on th e toolb ar: This w ill zoom in on the c enter of the c hart. If y ou want t o zoom in on a p articul ar selection, see Selecting a time range below.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 25 A lter the fil ter app lied to a s tand ard c hart Most ch arts al low yo u to chang e the ap plie d filter by click the filter e ditor tool bar button : See Creating Filtered Reports for m ore ab out the f ilter editor .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 26 V iew a p ie char t as a s tandar d char t You can view a p ie chart as a ch art over ti me by cl icking the ch art tool bar b utton: Working with Tabular R eports Most charts can be dis played inste ad as a t abular report.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 27 Y ou can cl ick one of thes e radi o buttons to sel ect a row to dril l down i nto. Note that only one row ca n be se lected .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 28 Report Tem plat es Wheneve r you create a new tabular re port or chart yo u can ch oose a ny of t he standar d rep ort temp late s dep ending on what you want t o exami ne: Address Reports • Source Address es – shows the IP add ress es that w ere the source of most traffi c or packe ts.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 29 • So urce Endpoi nts – shows the IP addre sses and c orrespo nding a pplicati ons that were the source of mos t traffi c or pac kets. The top source en dpoin ts inwar ds on a link a re the rem ote servic es usin g you r bandwidth .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 30 • VPNs – sh ows th e VPNs wit h mo st traffi c or pack ets. Int erfaces m ust be associa ted w ith VPNs in Device Settings for this r eport to f uncti on. • Nex t Hops – shows the nex t-hop add ress es that r eceive d most traffi c or packe ts.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 31 S ample Size NetFlow Tracke r pic ks an op timal s ample s ize for a real -time ch art base d up on the amoun t of time c overe d; you can over ride this by s electing a numbe r of uni ts. For exampl e, you ca n crea te a re port c overing a day w ith each samp le bein g an hour lo ng.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 32 O ut In terf ace The out i nterf ace fil ter res tricts a r eport to just o utbou nd traffi c fro m a set of interfa ces. Used in combinati on wi th an in in terfa ce fi lter it w ill re port on traf fic th at took a par tic ular pat h throug h a rout er.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 33 R ecognised Application This fi lter s elects tr affic w ith the g iven s ource or des tinati on app lication .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 34 D es tinati on Subne t This fi lter se lects traf fic w ith the g iven de stinati on s ubnets. Note t hat a des tinati on subnet f ilter o f 224. 0.0.0/ 4 wil l sele ct multicas t traffi c. So urce/De stina tion Su bne t This filter s elects traffic to or fr om the given subne ts.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 35 Long-te rm Repor t s Long-ter m rep orts all ow you t o look a t data ove r much lo nger time ran ges t han is poss ible w ith the stand ar d real- time dat abase.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 36 I f you sele ct a per -dev ice, pe r-inb ound inter face or per -outbound inter face r eport yo u must al so spe cify wha t dev ice or in terface to rep ort up on.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 37 Executive Re port s An exe cutive report i s a pre -defi ned templ ate th at cont ains on e or more char ts or tabul ar repor ts. Exe cutive rep orts can be cr eated to show related infor matio n on one p age and to allow quick a ccess to comm only- used r eports.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 38 Repor t URL For mat You can e asily g enera te your ow n URLs or modif y auto maticall y crea ted one s for us e in networ k manag emen t por tals favo urites lists . General Form http://<server>:<port>/report.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 39 0023 Next Hop s 0 024 S ource Address Dissemination 0025 Destination Address Popularity 0026 Recogn ised Applica tions 0027 Traffic Cl ass es 0.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 40 n records – specifie s the n umber of rows to show per page of a t abular report. <number> The number of rows per p age -1 Show all rows others – specifies t hat a tabu lar repo rt shows an “others” row inst ead of a page navig ator.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 41 s ections – sp ecifies the rep ort secti ons to output. The sections, formed by summing the values for each section 1 Title 2 Time range &.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 42 f ormat – sp ecifies the outp ut form at of the r epor t or char t. html Fu lly interact ive HTML ( default ) print Printable/saveable HTML csv Comm a separ ated val ues r eload – specifies t he number of sec o nds bet ween automat ic ref reshes o f the repo rt.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 43 C alendar-based (simple) A simple calendar-based time range is a given number of units ending either when the repor t is ge nerated or at the en d of the l ast ful l unit b efore the repor t is g enerated .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 44 Cale ndar- based (adva nced) An adv anced cal endar -ba sed time range has an op tional start d ate sp ecified as a g iven number o f uni ts befor e the ti me of rep ort ge nerati on, defaul ting to the da y of re port generation.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 45 e date_nunitsago – (optional) specifies the numbe r of units before the time of report gener ation of the last d ay of the time r ange.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 46 S peci fying a time z one By def ault the ti me zon e used to inter pret cal enda r-bas ed time ranges and time -of- day masks is the ti me zone of the Ne tFlow Tr acke r serv er. You c an spe cify a no n-defaul t time zone if you wish.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 47 115 (GMT+ 02:00) B uch arest 1 20 ( GMT+02: 00) Cai ro 140 (GMT+ 02:00) H arare, Pre toria 125 (GMT+ 02:00) He lsin ki, Ky iv, Rig a, Sofia, Tallinn, Vilni us 135 (GMT+02:00) Jerusalem 158 (GMT+ 03:00) B aghd ad 150 (GMT+ 03:00) K uwai t, Riy adh 145 (GMT+ 03:00) M osc ow, St.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 48 285 (GMT+ 12:00) F iji, Ka mch atka, M arshall Is. 3 00 ( GMT+13: 00) Nuk u'alofa Specifying t h e chart sa mple size W hen yo u crea te a real- time ch art the syste m choos es a sam ple si ze that w ill cr eate as close to 150 s amples over the full w idth of the char t as pos sible .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 49 s ample – sp ecifies the sourc e long-te rm d ata to us e 10minute Daily data (ten minute samples) wil l be used 1hour Weekly data (one hour .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 50 i nvpn – sp ecifies a VPN that t he inp ut inter face m ust be p art of. <name> The VPN name; see Device Settings for more i nforma tion <id> The VPN identifier outvpn – sp ecifies a VPN that the outp ut interf ace mus t be par t of.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 51 d stappl – sp ecifies an accept able d estina tion IP appl ication. Forma t as for srcappl above. dstappl_exclude=true – specifies that the supplied destination a pplications are exclud ed rath er than includ ed.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 52 d s – speci fies an acce pta ble di fferenti ated ser vice codepoin t. <name> The assigned name of the codepoint <code> The six-d.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 53 d stnet – specifies a n acceptable destinat i on subnet . Format as for srcnet abo ve. dstnet_exclude=true – s pecifie s that the s uppli ed des tinatio n subne ts are exclud ed rather th an inclu ded.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 54 Management Port al Access Control Paramet ers NetFlow Tracke r allow s manag emen t port als to set up res tricted ac cess to the s ystem for mul tiple users.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 55 a clid – sp ecifies a permitted long-t erm re port. null No long- term r eports are p ermitted <id> A permitt ed long-term report; see id in Re port Form at Parameters above f or per mitted val ues aclcid – specifies a permitted exec u tive r eport.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 56 29 VPN 3 0 I n VPN 31 Out VPN aclfeatures – specifies the permitted int eractive report features.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 57 Performa nce T uning There are several factors that influence how quickl y a given report is generated: Disk Speed The first step in creating a report is reading th e raw data from disk; increasing the speed of t he disk subsystem will make repo rting faste r.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 58 Config uration G uide To open a ny of the setti ngs pages , click “Se ttings” on the main p age. If you have pass word p rotecti on ena bled y ou may hav e to logi n as an ad minis trativ e us er to see t he link.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 59 Device S etting s Device List This p age all ows you to check th e stat us of a kn own d evice and overr ide the interfa ce descriptio ns and speeds o btained fro m i t.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 60 I f you are unable to chan ge the c onfigur ation of the router or s witch , or if an interf ace is asyn chronou s, you can override th e descript ion or inwards and ou twards speed used in report s here.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 61 V PNs NetFlow Tracke r can as socia te an i nterf ace on a d evice with a VP N for re porti ng and filter ing.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 62 Management Port al Settings I f you wis h to use a m ana gement p ortal t o set up res tricted a ccess t o NetFl ow Tr acker for mul tiple users yo u mus t first r egiste r it with NetFlow Tracker .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 63 Report S ettin gs This p age lets you con figu re vari ous value s affe cting the way rep orts a nd char ts appe ar in NetFlow Tracker. • Rows per tab ular r eport p age is the numb er of ro ws s hown on ea ch page of a tabul ar repor t.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 64 S aved Filt ers Saved filters can be defined that can be added wherever a filter editor appears in the softwar e.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 65 A lso note that any filters passed to the executive r eport are applied to the sub-reports in conju nction w ith w hate ver fi lters the y have t hemse lves .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 66 An Example Exe cutive Report – Top Applications Today an d Thi s Week This r eport co ntains two s ub repo rts, one showing top ap plica tions f or a dev ice over the last 24 hours and the other ov er 7 da ys.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 67 T he four th row c onsists of a si ngle s ub-re port cell containi ng the chart le gend for the firs t sub-re port. N o inter active c ontrol s are s upport ed. Si mply se lect “Tod ay” as the repor t, “Leg end” as the onl y secti on, and d eselec t all con trols.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 68 IP Application Names NetFlow Tracke r recei ves appli cation info rmati on in the for m of a pro tocol nu mber and port nu mber. These cor res pond d irectly t o speci fic ne twork ap plicati ons.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 69 AS Names T his page le ts yo u assign na mes to AS numbers appea ring in reports. AS numbers below 34 8 16 are a ssigned by several a gencie s; NetFlo w Track er comes with many o f these ASs already named.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 70 • Stor e real- time d ata for allows you to ch ange th e numbe r of da ys full r eal-ti me dat a is stor ed for. You can re duce t his to s ave dis k spac e, or in crease i t if you ar e sur e you have enough free sp ace.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 71 Backup NetFlow Tracke r can b ack up its con figura tion, and op tionall y its long -ter m and real - time da tabas es, to a n ominate d fold er on de mand or on a sc hedule .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 72 Memory Settings N etFlow Tracker uses a s mall amount of memor y dur ing its normal opera tion. You c an control this amount b y chan ging the value s here, but it is not like ly to be neces sary.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 73 U nprocessed Flo wsets NetFlow vers ion 9 flow s are encoded i n a flexi ble ma nner usin g temp lates that are exported by the rout er every few seco nds.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 74 Appendix 1: De vice C onfigur ation This is a brief gui de to se ttin g up NetFlo w on various ty pes of devi ce. Not e that if your device isn’t listed here it does n ot mean it is not support ed by NetFlow Tracker; please a sk your devi ce vendo r for a guide t o enabl ing NetFlow.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 75 i p flow-cache timeout active 1 This b reaks up long-l ived f lows i nto one-mi nute s egme nts. ip flow-cache timeout inactive 15 This ensures that flows that have finished are exp orted in a timely manner.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 76 E nabl ing NetF low Expor t on a 400 0 Serie s Swit ch The 400 0 and 4500 se ries switc hes require a Super visor IV with a NetFlow S ervices daught er card (WS-F 453 1), or a Sup ervis or V, an d IOS v ersi on 12.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 77 m ls flow ip interface-full mls nde interface or mls flow ip full If you hav e a Super visor E ngine 2 or 720 runni ng IO S versi on 12.1.13( E) or higher the firs t two co mmands are req uired t o put i nterf ace and r outing inform ation i nto the NetFl ow Expor ts.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 78 Con figuri ng ND E on a CatO S Dev ice A layer 3 switch running Ca tOS appea rs as two de vices; t he MS FC can be co nfigu red to exp ort Ne tFlow infor matio n on al l the pa ckets it route s by f ollow ing the ins tructio ns for conf igurin g an IOS device above.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 79 Configuring Ne tFlow Input Filters f or Traffic Class Repo rting IOS ver sions 12.2( 25)S, 12.2(27) SBC and 12.3(4 )T and gr eater supp ort th e NetFlow Input F ilters feature , whic h can be us ed by Ne tFlow Tracke r to re port up on t he traffi c class used to ro ute e ach flow .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 80 T o ensure that NetFlow Tracker receives enough information from the device you must ensure that the “Loo k Communi ty Str ing” con figur e.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 81 Using sflowtool to Convert sFl ow Records to NetFlow NetFlo w Track er does not dire ctly s uppor t devic es which expo rt sFlow records; howev er, the d evelop er of sFlow provi des a tool t o conver t sF low re cords to NetFlow record s, avai lable at h ttp: //www .
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 82 Appendix 2: CS V File F ormat Every s tandar d char t and tabul ar r eport c an be con ver ted to com ma-sep arat ed-v alue format f or imp orting i nto a d atabas e serv er or s preadsh eet. Chart CSV format Each se ction is separ ated b y a row of “ =” sign s.
User’ s Guide – versio n 3.1 .3 NetFlo w Track er 83 Appendix 3: Thi rd Par ty Sof tw are Componen t s This p roduct i ncludes soft ware d evel oped by the Apache Softw are Fou ndatio n ( http: //www. apache .org / ). This p roduct i ncludes soft ware d evel oped by Advant ys ( http: //ww w.
Een belangrijk punt na aankoop van elk apparaat Fluke Recording Equipment (of zelfs voordat je het koopt) is om de handleiding te lezen. Dit moeten wij doen vanwege een paar simpele redenen:
Als u nog geen Fluke Recording Equipment heb gekocht dan nu is een goed moment om kennis te maken met de basisgegevens van het product. Eerst kijk dan naar de eerste pagina\'s van de handleiding, die je hierboven vindt. Je moet daar de belangrijkste technische gegevens Fluke Recording Equipment vinden. Op dit manier kan je controleren of het apparaat aan jouw behoeften voldoet. Op de volgende pagina's van de handleiding Fluke Recording Equipment leer je over alle kenmerken van het product en krijg je informatie over de werking. De informatie die je over Fluke Recording Equipment krijgt, zal je zeker helpen om een besluit over de aankoop te nemen.
In een situatie waarin je al een beziter van Fluke Recording Equipment bent, maar toch heb je de instructies niet gelezen, moet je het doen voor de hierboven beschreven redenen. Je zult dan weten of je goed de alle beschikbare functies heb gebruikt, en of je fouten heb gemaakt die het leven van de Fluke Recording Equipment kunnen verkorten.
Maar de belangrijkste taak van de handleiding is om de gebruiker bij het oplossen van problemen te helpen met Fluke Recording Equipment . Bijna altijd, zal je daar het vinden Troubleshooting met de meest voorkomende storingen en defecten #MANUAl# samen met de instructies over hun opplosinge. Zelfs als je zelf niet kan om het probleem op te lossen, zal de instructie je de weg wijzen naar verdere andere procedure, bijv. door contact met de klantenservice of het dichtstbijzijnde servicecentrum.
